民间借贷虚假诉讼的逆向选择与司法应对  

Adverse selection and judicial response to false litigation of private lending

作　　者：蓝寿荣[1] Lan Shou-rong(School of law, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学法学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《政法论丛》2019年第1期78-90,共13页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：2018年度国家社科基金重大项目"深化基层矛盾纠纷化解共建共治机制及其风险预判研究"(项目编号:18ZDA166)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：民间借贷中存在的虚假诉讼现象,事实上破坏着人际信任的社会秩序。通过检索中国裁判文书网中的相关司法裁判文书,发现民间借贷虚假诉讼与民营经济发展有关系,与金融服务覆盖不够有关系。从诉讼案件当事人来看,具有亲戚朋友等亲密关系的居多;从诉讼案件当事人的主观目的来看,逃避债务、规避法院执行、夫妻离婚转移财产,还有骗取公积金、规避资产过户缴税、破产程序中避开清算等;从诉讼案件当事人提交的材料来看,主要是合同借据虚假;从诉讼案件的审理来看,当事人对民间借贷事实给予自认、法院调解结案的占比数量大。虚假诉讼现象,客观上与法院审理中的自认规则、调解结案偏好有关。遏制民间借贷虚假诉讼,需要确立"自认否定"制度、强化"调解审查"制度、引入惩罚性赔偿制度。The phenomenon of false lawsuit in folk lending actually destroys the social order of good customs in rural society. By searching the relevant judicial documents in China Judicial Documents Network, it is found that the false lawsuit of private lending is related to the development of private economy and the insufficient coverage of financial services. From the point of view of litigants, many people are relatives and friends;From the subjective purpose of litigants, it is to evade debts, evade court enforcement, transfer property before divorce, and defraud provident fund, evade transfer of assets to pay taxes, avoid bankruptcy liquidation and so on. from the point of view of materials submitted by litigants, It is mainly the falsehood of contract borrowing. Judging from the trial results of litigation cases, many cases are that the parties themselves admit the fact of private lending and the court mediates and settles the case. The phenomenon of false litigation is objectively related to the admission system and advocating mediation in the court. It is necessary to establish the system of "self-admission negation", strengthen the system of "mediation review" and introduce the system of punitive damages to curb the false litigation of private lending.

关 键 词：民间借贷 虚假诉讼 自认规则 调解结案 程序正义 

分 类 号：DF438[政治法律—经济法学]