基于患者BMI调整防压疮气垫床充气压力方法的探讨  

Discuss on the method of adjusting the inflatable pressure of pressure sore air cushion bed based on patients' BMI

作　　者：张会娟[1] 马瑞英[2] 彭秋虹 梁立杰 刘新宇[1] 刘春宇 刘媛媛[1] Zhang Huijuan;Ma Ruiying;Peng Qiuhong;Liang Lijie;Liu Xinyu;Liu Chunyu;Liu Yuanyuan(Orthopaedics Department,Liangxiang Hospital,Fangshan District,Beijing 102400,China;Department of Nursing Humanities,School of Nursing,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区良乡医院骨科,102400 [2]首都医科大学护理学院护理人文学系,北京100050

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2018年第36期4390-4393,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：首都护理学研究专项项目(17HL28;3500/11723340).

摘　　要：目的验证气垫床标准充气方法的有效性,并探讨患者BMI与最佳气垫床充气压力之间的关系。方法采用便利抽样法选择2017年6月—2018年3月在北京市房山区良乡医院骨科住院的90例患者,按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,各45例。对照组根据护士经验常规使用气垫床,观察组根据既往研究采用规范的气垫床标准充气方法。比较两组患者皮肤受压情况和对床垫软硬度的使用感受,分析观察组气垫床压力数值与患者BMI的关系,得到回归方程。结果观察组患者使用气垫床2、48、72 h后局部皮肤发红率分别为4.4%、2.2%、4.4%,低于对照组的22.2%、31.1%、33.3%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。使用72 h内,观察组对床垫软硬度满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者BMI与最佳气垫床压力呈线性相关(R2=0.962),气垫床压力(kpa)=3.835+BMI×0.379。结论合理地调节气垫床压力可以提高气垫床使用效果,基于患者BMI调整气垫床压力的方法便于护士掌握和操作。Objective To verify the validity of standard air cushion inflation method, and to explore the relationship between patients' body mass index (BMI) and the optimal air cushion inflation pressure. Methods A total of 90 orthopedic patients who were treated in Liangxiang Hospital of Fangshan District in Beijing from June 2017 to March 2018 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 45 cases in each group. The control group used air cushion bed routinely according to the experience of nurses, while the observation group used standard air cushion bed inflation method according to previous research. Comparing the skin pressure and the feeling of using the mattress softness and hardness between the two groups, and analyzing the relationship between the pressure value of the mattress and the BMI of the patients in the observation group, the regression equation was obtained. Results The local skin redness rate of the observation group was 4.4%, 2.2% and 4.4% after 2, 48 and 72 hours of using air cushion mattress, which was lower than that of the control group 22.2%, 31.1% and 33.3%. The result was statistically significant (P<0.01). Within 72 hours, the satisfaction degree of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The BMI of the patients in the observation group was linearly correlated with the optimal air cushion pressure (R2=0.962). The air cushion pressure (kpa)=3.835+BMI×0.379. Conclusions Reasonable adjustment of the pressure of the air cushion bed can improve the effect of using air cushion bed. The method of adjusting the pressure of the air cushion bed based on patient BMI is convenient for nurses to master and operate.

关 键 词：压力性损伤 压疮 体重指数 气垫床 相关分析 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]