甘肃窑街中侏罗世蚌壳蕨科植物研究进展及其演化研究  

RECENT PROGRESSES ON THE STUDIES OF DICKSONIACEAE OF MIDDLE JURASSIC FROM YAOJIE, GANSU PROVINCE,CHINA AND STUDY ON THEEVOLUTION OF FOSSILS DICKSONIACEAE

作　　者：彭措 王晶菁 辛存林[2] 任文秀[3] 王军[3] 仵慧宁[4] PENG Cuo;WANG Jing-jing;XIN Cun-lin;REN Wen-Xiu;WANG Jun;WU Hui-ning(Geological Museum of Gansu,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Institute of Geogical Survery,Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Bailie Petroleum Engineering,Lanzhou City University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省地质博物馆,甘肃兰州730000 [2]西北师范大学,地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省地质调查院,甘肃兰州730000 [4]兰州城市学院,培黎石油工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃地质》2018年第3期17-26,共10页Gansu Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41262001);国家自然科学基金项目(41662013);甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2014A一098);甘肃省古生物化石调查研究项目及资助

摘　　要：蕨类植物是一群非常古老的植物,其起源、演化及分类一直是生物学和古生物学研究的热点。蚌壳蕨科是真蕨目中多样性最为丰富的科种之一,是组成中生代植物群的重要成员,为水龙骨类的基干类群。探究地史时期蚌壳蕨科化石多样性变化、繁殖器官和原位孢子微细构造是了解该类植物辐射演化历史和系统发育的重要途径。甘肃窑街盆地中侏罗世蚌壳蕨科植物化石丰富,包括Coniopteris、Eboracia、Gonatosorus,约3属10种。随着近年来部分学者对该地区蚌壳蕨科植物化石逐渐深入的研究,得到了一些重要进展。以保存完好的生殖器官化石标本为基础,分别获得了Coniopteris margaretae、Coniopteris simplex、Coniopteris spectabilis、Coniopteris lanzhouensis、Coniopteris hymenophylloides等种原位孢子,并对其进行了微细构造研究,提供了认识蚌壳蕨科植物系统发育和演化重要的微观证据。窑街地区中侏罗世蚌壳蕨科植物化石均为原地埋藏,指示当时温暖潮湿的亚热带型气候。从早侏罗世到早白垩世,我国蚌壳蕨科植物不断发展,植株体增大,小羽片更为发育,形态多样,变态小羽片也逐步成型,但到早白垩世消失,出现了侏罗纪蚌壳蕨科植物不具备的间小羽片,且植株体发育最好,随后开始衰败。Ferns are a group of very ancient plants, whose origin, evolution and classification have always been hotspots in paleontology research. Dicksoniaceae is one of the most diverse family species of pteridophyta, is an important member of Mesozoic flora, and is a basic group of water. To explore the variation of fossil diversity,reproductive organs and in situ spore microstructure of Dicksoniaceae in the geological history is an important way to understand the radiation evolution and phylogeny of these plants. There are abundant fossils Dicksoniaceae in Yaojie Basin, Gansu, including Coniopteris, Eboracia, Gonatosorus, about 10 species of 3 genera. In recent years, some important advances have been made in the study of the fossils Dicksoniaceae in this area. Based on the well-preserved fossil specimens of reproductive organs, the in situ spores such as Coniopteris margaretae,Coniopteris simplex, Coniopteris spectabilis, Coniopteris lanzhouensis, and Coniopteris hymenophylloides were obtained respectively, and the microstructure study was carried out on them, providing important microscopic evidence for the understanding of phylogeny and evolution of Dicksoniaceae plants. Apart from Coniopteris hymenophylloides, other species of fossils Dicksoniaceae in Yaojie are all buried in situ, indicating the warm and humid subtropical climate. From the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous, Dicksoniaceae plants in China have been developing continuously, the plant body is enlarged, the pinnule is more developed, and the forms are diverse.The metamorphic pinnules also gradually formed, but disappeared in the Early Cretaceous, and there appeared intercalated pinnules that were not found in the Jurassic Fernaceae plant, and the plant body developed best, and then began to decline.

关 键 词：蚌壳蕨科 植物化石 原位孢子 植物演化 甘肃窑街 中侏罗世 

分 类 号：P534[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]