2723名上海市儿童看护人对小面积烧伤急救知识认知水平的横断面调查与分析  

Cognitive level of first aid knowledge regarding small area burn among 2723 child caregivers in Shanghai:a cross-sectional survey and analysis

作　　者：于庆 肖永强 胡晓燕 夏照帆 Yu Qing;Xiao Yongqiang;Hu Xiaoyan;Xia Zhaofan(Burn Institute of PLA,Department of Burn Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital,Naval Military Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学第一附属医院烧伤外科,全军烧伤研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《中华烧伤杂志》2019年第3期198-204,共7页Chinese Journal of Burns

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81772076);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(81120108015);应用基础研究重大项目(AWS14C001);公益性行业科研专项(201502028).

摘　　要：目的了解上海市儿童看护人对小面积烧伤急救知识认知水平,提升儿童小面积烧伤急救水平。方法2017年11月—2018年3月,采用随机数字表法抽取上海7个市辖区,从中采用便利抽样法抽取4所托儿所、5所幼儿园、6所小学、2所初中的共2750名学生,每名学生限定1名看护人作为研究对象,采用自制问卷通过微信和腾讯QQ对看护人的小面积烧伤急救知识认知情况进行横断面调查。统计儿童年龄、烧伤经历、烧伤后瘢痕形成情况,不同年龄段儿童烧伤患病率;看护人受教育程度及其与看护儿童的社会关系;儿童小面积烧伤后其看护人第一反应处理措施;看护人选择自行为患儿涂抹民间偏方药物情况,不同学历看护人选择自行为患儿涂抹民间偏方药物情况;看护人选择自行为患儿涂抹生活物品情况;看护人对规范化小面积烧伤急救措施知悉情况,不同学历看护人知悉全部规范化小面积烧伤急救措施情况;看护人第一时间就诊医院类别选择情况,不同小面积烧伤急救措施知悉水平的看护人、其看护儿童有/无烧伤经历的看护人选择第一时间前往开设烧伤专科的三级甲等医院就诊情况;看护人对开设烧伤专科或专门从事烧伤救治的医疗机构类别选择情况,不同小面积烧伤急救措施知悉水平的看护人选择前往综合性三级甲等医院烧伤科就诊情况。对数据行Pearson χ^2检验及卡方分割法检验。结果问卷有效回收率为99.0%(2723/2750)。儿童的年龄段以6~11岁为主[64.7%(1762/2723)],儿童烧伤患病率为19.4%(527/2723)。各年龄段儿童烧伤患病率总体比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^2=1.424,P>0.05)。儿童烧伤后瘢痕形成百分比为27.3%(144/527)。儿童看护人受教育程度以大学本科为主[40.2%(1094/2723)],与儿童社会关系以儿童母亲为主[74.6%(2030/2723)]。假设其看护儿童发生小面积烧伤,74.0%(2016/2723)的看护人的第一反应是�Objective To assess the cognitive level of first aid knowledge regarding the small area burn among the child caregivers in Shanghai and improve the level of first aid for small area burn in children. Methods From November 2017 to March 2018, 7 municipal districts in Shanghai were selected according to the random number table, from which 2 750 students of 4 nurseries, 5 kindergartens, 6 primary schools, and 2 junior middle schools were selected by adopting the convenience sampling method. Each student was limited to one caregiver as the research object. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on the cognitive level of first aid knowledge regarding small area burn among the caregivers with self-designed questionnaire through WeChat and Tencent QQ. The age, burn experience, and scarring after burns in children, the prevalence rate of burn in children of different age groups, the educational background of caregivers and their social relationship with their children, and the measures taken by caregivers firstly after small area burn occurred among their children were recorded. The choices of applying the folk prescription drugs to the wounds of their children made by caregivers and those with different educational backgrounds were recorded. The choices of applying daily necessities to the wound of their children made by caregivers were recorded. The caregivers′ knowledge of standard first aid measures for small area burn, and the knowledge of caregivers with different educational backgrounds of all standard first aid measures for small area burn were recorded. The caregivers′ choices of hospitals for treatment the first time, and the choices of going to the Grade Ⅲ Level A hospital with burn specialty for treatment made by caregivers with different knowledge levels about first aid measures for small area burn and those by caregivers whose children did or didn′t have burn experience were recorded. The caregivers′ choices of different types of medical institutions with burn specialty or specialized in burn trea

关 键 词：烧伤 儿童 急救 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R644[医药卫生—外科学]