常见输血不良反应发生率及相关危险因素探讨  

Discussion on incidence rate of adverse reactions and related risk factors in transfusion

作　　者：徐燕娜 纪勇平 杨慧[2] 庄杰 XU Yan-na;JI Yong-ping;YANG Hui;ZHUANG Jie(Lishui Blood Center,Lishui,Zhejiang 323000,China)

机构地区：[1]丽水市中心血站,浙江丽水323000 [2]丽水市中心医院,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2019年第6期757-759,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解本市临床输血不良反应发生率及相关危险因素,为减少输血不良反应提供依据。方法以2015年-2017年本市某三甲医院接受输血患者为研究对象,回顾性分析研究期间输血不良反应发生率、不良反应类型、各输血成分不良反应发生率及输血不良反应的影响因素。结果 3年共计成分输血33 614人次(血制品47 452袋),发生输血不良反应175人次,输血不良反应发生率为0.52%; 3年的输血不良反应发生率依次分别是0.58%、0.50%和0.48%。不良反应类型的构成比过敏反应、发热反应分别为56.0%和41.7%。输悬浮红细胞、血浆、机采血小板和全血不良反应发生率分别为0.53%、0.27%、0.22%和0.40%。是否成年、有无妊娠史和输血史明显影响输血不良反应的发生率。结论引起输血不良反应的因素是多方面的,掌握不良反应发生的可能原因和规律,完善临床输血不良反应的预防监测体系,为输血安全提供保障。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of transfusion-related adverse reactions(TRARs)and identify potential risk factors,so as to provide basis for reducing TRARs.Methods This retrospective study was conducted to examine all the transfusion related adverse events from Jan.2015 to Dec.2017,including the incidence and types of TRARs,different transfusion components and influence factors.Results During this period,175 cases with adverse transfusion events were reported among 33 614 transfusion cases,the incidence rate of TRARs was 0.52%.The incidence rate of TRARs in 2015,2016 and 2017 were 0.58%,0.50% and 0.48%,respectively,and the overall incidence decreased annually.Allergic reactions(ATRs)and non-hemolytic fever reactions(FNHTRs)accounted for 56.0% and 41.7% of TRARs,respectively.The incidence rates of TRARs were respectively 0.53%,0.27%,0.22% and 0.40% during the transport of suspended red blood cells,plasma,apheresis platelet and whole blood.The incidence rates of TRARs were significantly influenced by age,pregnancy history and blood transfusion history.Conclusion The major rates of TRARs are ATRs and FNHTRs in our study.The highest incidence rate of TRARs was transfusion with suspended red blood cells in all transfusion components.Age,pregnancy history and blood transfusion history are independent risk factors for TRARs.

关 键 词：输血 不良反应 影响因素 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]