CO_2加富对温室薄皮甜瓜果实品质的影响  

Effect of CO_2 enrichment on melon fruit quality in greenhouse

作　　者：张志鹏 李甜 孙胜[1,2,3] 邢国明 ZHANG Zhipeng;LI Tian;SUN Sheng;XING Guoming(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China;Shanxi Provincial Facility VegetableQuality Improvement and Efficiency Synergistic Innovation Center,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China;Shanxi Provincial FacilityHorticulture Engineering Technology Center,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西省设施蔬菜提质增效协同创新中心,山西太谷030801 [3]山西省设施园艺工程技术中心,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2019年第4期20-25,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：山西省煤基重点科技攻关项目(FT201402-08);设施蔬菜高效固碳山西省科技创新培育团队建设(201605D131042);功能果蔬共性关键技术研究与示范(201703D211001-04)

摘　　要：以薄皮甜瓜‘清雅白玉’为研究对象,通过测定3种不同浓度CO_2对薄皮甜瓜从开始结果到最后成熟整个生长过程果实品质的影响来确定冬春季温室薄皮甜瓜栽培最适的CO2浓度,为我国北方冬春季设施内薄皮甜瓜精准施肥提供理论依据。对薄皮甜瓜分别施用4种CO_2浓度,CK:(400±12)μmol·mol^(-1)、T1:(800±24)μmol·mol^(-1)、T2:(1 200±36)μmol·mol^(-1)、T3:(1 600±48)μmol·mol^(-1),测定果实结瓜初期、结瓜中期、结瓜后期、黄熟期、后熟期的品质。结果表明,在商品瓜采收期(结瓜后期):T2、T3影响较大,但T1最经济实用;相对于CK,T1处理使硬度增加了71.3%,可溶性固形物含量增加了6.7%,维生素C含量增加了33.1%,蔗糖含量增加了12.7%,果糖含量增加了6.0%,有机酸含量降低了12.6%,可溶性蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量没有明显差异。在果实成熟最后时期(后熟期):T1、T2影响最大,T1最经济实用;T1处理使可溶性固形物含量增加10.1%,游离氨基酸含量增加了25.6%,蔗糖含量增加了11.1%,果糖含量增加了16.4%,维生素C含量降低了4.5%,可溶性蛋白质含量下降11.8%,有机酸含量降低了13.4%。由此可知,CO_2施肥均能够显著改善薄皮甜瓜的品质,在800μmol·mol^(-1)时最经济实用。In this study,the effect of CO2 enrichment on the quality of‘Qingyabaiyu’oriental melon with three different concentrations of CO2 during the whole growth process from fruiting to final ripening In order to provide theoretical basis for precise fertilization of oriental melon in winter and spring facilities in northern China,‘Qingyabaiyu’oriental melon was used as material in this research,four different concentrations of CO2(CK:(400±12)μmol·mol^-1、T1:(800±24)μmol·mol^-1、T2:(1 200±36)μmol·mol^-1、T3:(1 600±48)μmol·mol^-1)were carried out during the whole fruit growth process,and the quality of fruits at early fruiting stage,rapid expanding stage,white ripening stage,yellow ripening stage and late ripening stage were analyzed.The results showed that the fruit quality of T2 and T3 were greatly effected at harvest stage(white ripening stage),T1 was the most economical and practical treatment.Compared with CK,the fruit quality was increased when treated by T1,of which the hardness increased by 71.3%,soluble solids increased by 6.7%,vitamin C increased by 33.1%,sucrose increased by 12.7%,fructose increased by 6.0%,and organic acid increased by 12.6%,while the soluble protein and free amino acid contents were less affected.At the late ripening stage,the fruit quality was significantly effected by T1 and T2 treatments,and T1 was still the most economical and practical treatment,of which,the soluble solid content,free amino acid content,sucrose content,fructose content,vitamin C content,soluble protein content and soluble protein content were increased by 10.1%,25.6%,11.1%,16.4%,4%,4.5%and 11.8%,respectively,however,the organic acid content was reduced by 13.4%.The quality of oriental melon could be improved by CO2 fertilization,and 800μmol·mol-1 was the most economical and practical concentration.

关 键 词：薄皮甜瓜 CO2施肥 果实品质 精准施肥 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]