橡胶树野生种质资源抗寒性评价及其与生长的相关性分析  

Evaluation of Cold Resistance of Wild Germplasm Resources of Hevea brasiliensis and Correlation Analysis Between Cold Resistance and Growth

作　　者：李小琴[1] 张凤良[1] 杨湉 赵祺 毛常丽[1] 吴裕[1] Li Xiaoqin;Zhang Fengliang;Yang Tian;Zhao Qi;Mao Changli;Wu Yu(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Xishuangbanna Yunnan 666100, China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南西双版纳666100

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2019年第2期44-51,共8页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：农业部种质资源保护项目(151721301354052002-01)资助;云南省应用基础研究计划青年项目(2017FD230)资助;云南省橡胶产业技术体系(2017KJTX008-01)资助

摘　　要：为了解橡胶树速生种质资源的抗寒性及获得抗寒育种的优良材料,以12份橡胶树野生种质资源的1年生休眠枝条为试验材料,通过人工模拟低温胁迫,即4(对照)、0、-2、-4)处理后,测定其相对电导率、丙二醛、游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白及可溶性糖含量5个指标,综合评价各无性系的抗寒性,分析了生长量与抗寒性的相关性。结果表明:随低温胁迫程度的加剧,各无性系相对电导率表现出不同程度的上升趋势;丙二醛和游离脯氨酸含量呈"升—降"的趋势;多数无性系可溶性蛋白含量呈"升—降"的趋势,部分无性系表现为"降—升—降";各无性系可溶性糖含量的变化趋势差异较大,但在不同低温处理下同一无性系的可溶性蛋白含量波动并不大。利用隶属函数法对橡胶树种质资源抗寒性进行综合评价得出:3>5>2>8>1>11>7>9>6>4>10>12,其中抗寒性排名前3的无性系为2、3和5号,对应的径围生长量均较大;而抗寒性最差的是10号和12号,径围生长量均较小。多数生长较快的橡胶树种质资源表现出较强的抗寒性,在进行橡胶树种质资源抗寒性鉴定时径围生长量可以作为一个间接指标。In order to understand the cold resistance of rapid growing germplasm resources of Hevea brasiliensis and obtain excellent materials for breeding, annual dormancy branches of 12 wild germplasm resources of H. brasiliensis were used as experimental materials. The 5 indexes including the relative electronic conductivity,malondialdehyde, free proline, soluble protein and soluble sugar content were measured after different artificial simulated low temperature stress treatments( 4 ℃ contrast, 0 ℃,-2 ℃,-4 ℃). The cold resistance of each clone was comprehensively evaluated, and the correlation between growth and cold resistance was also analyzed. The results indicated that with decreasing temperature, the relative electronic conductivity of branches of each clone showed a different degree of upward trend, the content of malondialdehyde and free proline showed an "ascending-descending" trend, the soluble protein content of most clones also showed the same as the free proline, but few clones showed a trend of "descending-ascending-descending". The variation trend of soluble sugar content in each clone was different, but the soluble protein content of the same clone did not fluctuate greatly at different low temperature treatments. The comprehensive evaluation of the cold resistance of H. brasiliensis germplasm resources by the membership function method could be concluded as follows: 3>5>2>8>1>11>7>9>6>4>10>12. Among them, No.3, 5 and 2, which ranked top 3 in cold resistance, corresponding growth of diameter circumference all were large. Meanwhile, the No.10 and 12 with the worst cold resistance were smaller. Most fast-growing of H. brasiliensis germplasm resources showed stronger cold resistance, and the amount of diameter circumference growth can be used as an indirect indicator in cold resistance identification of H. brasiliensis germplasm.

关 键 词：橡胶树 抗寒性 生理指标 生长量 综合选择 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]