外源钙离子对盐胁迫玉米气孔特征、光合作用和生物量的影响  

Effects of exogenous Ca^(2+) on stomatal traits,photosynthesis,and biomass of maize seedings under salt stress

作　　者：张浩 郑云普[2] 叶嘉 高伟 乔雅君 戴川景 赵雨欣 石少婕 ZHANG Hao;ZHENG Yun-pu;YE Jia;GAO Wei;QIAO Ya-jun;DAI Chuan-jing;ZHAO Yu-xin;SHI Shao-jie(School of Life Science and Engineering,Handan College,Handan 056005,Hebei,China;School of Water Conservancy and Hydropower,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei,China;Ecology and Environment Bureau of Xiong’an New District,Xiong’an 071700,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]邯郸学院生命科学与工程学院,河北邯郸056005 [2]河北工程大学水利水电学院,河北邯郸056038 [3]河北雄安新区生态环境局,河北雄安071700

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2019年第3期923-930,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300905)资助~~

摘　　要：探讨盐胁迫下玉米气孔特征、光合作用和生物量对外源钙离子的响应,有助于深入理解添加外源钙离子(Ca^(2+))缓解玉米盐胁迫的作用机理.以‘京科665’品种为试材,研究了NaCl胁迫下(100 mmol·L^(-1))添加不同浓度外源Ca^(2+)(0、5、10、20、40、80 mmol·L^(-1))对玉米幼苗气孔特征、光合作用和生物量的影响.结果表明:不同Ca^(2+)浓度对盐胁迫下玉米的气孔密度影响不大,但显著减小了气孔形状指数、气孔面积、气孔长度、气孔宽度和气孔周长.同时,随着外源Ca^(2+)浓度的逐渐提高,玉米叶片的净光合速率(P_n)呈先升高后降低的趋势,且气孔导度(g_s)和胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)均显著降低,表明不同浓度Ca^(2+)通过改变玉米气孔结构特征进一步限制光合作用过程,最终导致P_n降低.另外,外源Ca^(2+)促进盐胁迫下玉米幼苗生物量增加,但根冠比显著降低,表明盐胁迫下添加外源Ca^(2+)对地上部分的缓解作用大于地下部分.Understanding the responses of stomatal structure, photosynthesis and biomass of maize to exogenous Ca^2+ addition under NaCl stress has important significance for further uncovering the alleviative mechanism of exogenous Ca^2+ on maize under salt stress. We examined the effects of exogenous Ca^2+(0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mmol·L^-1) on the stomatal structure, photosynthesis and biomass of maize (Zea mays L. cv. Jingke 665) seedlings under NaCl stress (100 mmol·L^-1). Our results showed that exogenous Ca^2+ addition had limited effect on stomatal density, but significantly decreased stomatal shape index, stomatal area, stomatal length, stomatal width, and stomatal cir-cumference. Meanwhile, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) initially increased and then decreased with the increases of exogenous Ca^2+ concentration, whereas both the stomatal conductance (gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were decreased, suggesting that the decrease of Pn was mainly due to stomatal limitation under high Ca^2+ concentration. The biomass of maize seedlings was increased and the root/shoot ratio was decreased with the increases of exogenous Ca^2+ concentration, suggested that the alleviated effect of exogenous Ca^2+ on aboveground biomass was higher than that on belowground biomass of maize under salt stress.

关 键 词：外源钙离子 盐胁迫 光合作用 气孔导度 生物量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S156.4