通辽市牧区蒙古族居民慢性病的患病现状及影响因素研究  

Prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases in Mongolian residents among pastoral areas of Tongliao City

作　　者：毕海涛 刘铮然[1] 何金鑫[1] 刘培艳 王哲禹 尉鑫慧 包欢 谭国敏 BI Hai-tao;LIU Zheng-ran;HE Jin-xin;LIU Pei-yan;WANG Zhe-yu;YU Xin-hui;BAO Huan;TAN Guo-min(Baotou Medical College School of Public Health,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014060,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学包头医学院公共卫生学院,内蒙古包头014060

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2019年第6期1091-1095,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(编号:201702101)

摘　　要：目的了解通辽市牧区蒙古族居民慢性病的患病现状及相关因素。方法采取方便抽样和随机抽样相结合的方法,抽取通辽市牧区蒙古族居民1 472人。采用一对一问卷调查的方式获取资料。结果不同的文化程度、年龄、性别、婚姻状况、吸烟状况、饮茶、参与农牧业活动、食用不同频率的牛羊肉及禽肉和新鲜水果,高血压的患病率差异有统计学意义。不同年龄、性别、文化程度、参与农牧业活动和食用不同频率的新鲜水果、水产品、猪肉,糖尿病的患病率差异有统计学意义。食用不同频率的蛋类及豆制品、奶类,血脂异常患病率差异有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析表明:参加农牧业活动是高血压患病的保护因素,年龄的增长、吸烟、过多食用牛羊肉及禽肉、饮茶是高血压患病的危险因素,其中,女性患高血压的风险低。食用新鲜水果和参加农牧业活动是糖尿病患病的保护因素,过多的食用水产品是糖尿病患病的危险因素。结论应加强基层医疗机构对慢性病的诊疗和管理能力,改变居民不良生活习惯,更好地保障居民的生命健康。Objective To understand the prevalence and related factors of chronic diseases in Mongolian residents in pastoral areas of Tongliao City.Methods A total of 1472 Mongolian residents in the pastoral area of Tongliao City were selected by a combination of convenient sampling and random sampling.Data were obtained by means of a one-on-one questionnaire.Results The differences in the prevalence of hypertension were statistically significant between different levels of education,age,gender,marital status,smoking status,tea drinking,participation in farming activities,consumption of beef and mutton at different frequencies,poultry and fresh fruit.There were significant differences in the prevalence of diabetes among different ages,genders,educational levels,participation in farming activities,and consumption of fresh fruits,aquatic products,and pork at different frequencies.There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of dyslipidemia between eggs and soy products and milk at different frequencies.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that participation in agriculture and animal husbandry activities is a protective factor for hypertension.Age,smoking,excessive consumption of beef,mutton,poultry and tea are risk factors for hypertension,which among women the risk of developing high blood pressure is low.Eating fresh fruit and participating in farming activities are protective factors for diabetes.Excessive consumption of aquatic products is a risk factor for diabetes.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the ability of primary medical institutions to diagnose and manage chronic diseases,change the bad habits of residents,and better protect the lives and health of residents.

关 键 词：糖尿病 高血压 血脂异常 患病情况 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]