中国前陆冲断带油气勘探、理论与技术主要进展和展望  

Major advances and outlook for oil and gas exploration,theory and technology of foreland thrust belts in China

作　　者：蔚远江[1] 杨涛[1] 郭彬程[1] 詹路锋 许小溪 杨超 YU Yuanjiang;YANG Tao;GUO Bincheng;ZHAN Lufeng;XU Xiaoxi;YANG Chao(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development ,Beijing 100083,China;School of Resources and Environment ,Yangtze University , Wuhan 430100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]长江大学资源与环境学院,武汉430100

出　　处：《地质学报》2019年第3期545-564,共20页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技重大专项课题(编号2016ZX05046-002);中国工程院咨询研究项目(编号2017-XY-14);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目(编号kt2017-09-05)联合资助的成果

摘　　要：我国中西部地区发育有16个前陆冲断带,油气资源总体较为丰富。前陆冲断带在天然气加快发展中地位与作用重要,是近期勘探突破发现、增储上产的重要领域和补充。2011年以来前陆冲断带勘探获得塔里木盆地库车深层天然气及柴达木盆地西南缘石油两项重大突破、准噶尔盆地西北缘石油及四川盆地西北缘天然气两项重大进展、准噶尔盆地南缘及塔里木盆地西南缘和鄂尔多斯西缘油气3个重要苗头,进一步夯实了西气东输资源基础,推动了前陆盆地大油气区勘探进程。前陆冲断带地质研究在盆地原型恢复和晚期构造改造、深层结构刻画与构造解剖、储层演化与油气充注机制、断-盖控藏模式与油气有效聚集3-R评价方法、区域成藏特征与油气分布规律5个方面形成创新认识,发展了中西部前陆冲断带油气聚集理论。前陆冲断带勘探配套技术研发在复杂构造建模技术、复杂构造深度域地震成像技术、复杂油气藏综合评价技术、前陆深层钻完井和储层压裂改造技术4方面取得进展,推动了前陆核心技术形成和油气勘探发现。前陆冲断带近期勘探显示出较大增储潜力与挑战共存的局面。展望了前陆基础地质、油气勘探、勘探技术研究3方面特点与发展趋势,分析了近期勘探的3点启示与增储潜力,针对未来前陆冲断带在勘探生产、地质研究、配套技术上面临的挑战,提出了相应的4方面勘探研究对策与建议。There are 16 foreland thrust belts in Midwestern China, and China’s oil and gas resources are generally abundant. The recent discovery of natural gas in foreland thrust belts has confirmed that these belts are important areas and supplementation for reserves increasing. Since the year of 2011, two major breakthroughs have been made in Kuqa(deep gas) of the Tarim basin and in the southwestern margin(oil) of the Qaidam basin;two important progresses have been achieved in the northwestern margin(gas) of the Junggar basin and in the northwestern margin(natural gas) of the Sichuan basin;and three important signs of oil and natural gas have been identified in the southern margin of Junggar basin, southwestern margin of the Tarim basin and the western margin of the Ordos basin. All of these achievements have consolidated the resource base of West-to-East Gas Pipeline and promoted the exploration process for large oil and gas areas in foreland basins. The five aspects of innovative knowledge for geological research in foreland thrust belts have been obtained and they also enrich the theory of hydrocarbon accumulation in the central-western foreland thrust belts. They include basin prototype restoration and late tectonic transformation, deep structure characterization and structural analysis, reservoir evolution and oil and gas filling mechanism, fault-cap controlling pools pattern and 3-R evaluation method for effective hydrocarbon accumulation, characteristics of regional hydrocarbon accumulation and the distribution law of oil and gas. Four aspects of new progress have been made in the research and development of exploration matching technology, including complex structure modeling technology, deep domain seismic imaging technology of complex structure, comprehensive evaluation technology for complex oil and gas reservoirs, deep drilling and completion as well as reservoir fracturing technology for foreland thrust belts. All these have greatly promoted the foreland core technology formation and oil-gas exploration. R

关 键 词：前陆冲断带 勘探成果 地质理论与认识 勘探技术 新进展 勘探研究展望 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]