专利引证视角下的核心专利研究——以人工智能领域为例  

Core Patents Research from the Perspective of Patent Citation: Taking the Field of Artificial Intelligence as an Example

作　　者：赵蓉英[1,2,3] 李新来 李丹阳[1,2,3] Zhao Rongying

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中国科学评价研究中心,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学信息管理学院,湖北武汉430072 [3]武汉大学信息资源研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2019年第3期78-84,共7页Information Studies:Theory & Application

摘　　要：[目的/意义]通过专利引证可以挖掘出有重要影响力的核心专利,从而制定针对核心专利的专利布局。[方法/过程]文章以德温特专利数据库为数据来源,采用专利计量及前向引证指标对人工智能领域的专利数据进行分析,首先根据专利被引频次对核心专利进行挖掘,然后以被引频次排名第一的专利US5963940-A为例分析了该专利的历年引文频次、引证对象及多级引证网络。[结果/结论]专利US5963940-A从1994—2015年连续21年被后续专利技术所引用,得到了本领域专利申请人的持续关注;该专利的主要引证对象包括谷歌、JumpTap、IBM、VoiceBox、微软等企业,并且存在竞争关系;而该专利的一级和二级引证网络表征了US5963940-A在整个人工智能领域的技术扩散、技术延伸以及技术发展。基于以上分析,从而制定针对核心专利的专利布局,主要包括围栏式布局与糖衣式布局。[局限]针对多个核心专利的组合分析及大量专利数据的多级引证网络有待进一步分析。[Purpose/significance] The core patents with important influence can be discovered through the patent citation,so the patent layout for the core patents can be formulated.[Method/process] Based on the Derwent Innovations Index,this paper uses the methods of patent metrics and forward citation index to analyze patent data in the field of artificial intelligence(AI).First of all,the core patents are mined according to the cited frequency of patents.Then the patent with the highest citation frequency,US5963940-A,is taken as an example to analyze the citation frequency,citation object and multi-level citation network of the patent over the years.[Result/conclusion] From 1994 to 2015,the patent US5963940-A has been cited by following patents for 21 consecutive years,which has received continuous attention from patent applicants in this field.The main citation objects of this patent include Google,JumpTap,IBM,VoiceBox,Microsoft and other enterprises,which have competitive relationships.The first-level and second-level citation networks of this patent represent the technology diffusion,extension and development of US5963940-A in the whole field of AI.Based on the above analysis,the patent layout for core patents is formulated,mainly including fence layout and sugar-coated layout.[Limitations] The combination analysis of several core patents and multi-level citation network for massive patent data need further analysis.

关 键 词：专利引证 核心专利 专利布局 人工智能 

分 类 号：G306[文化科学]