印加孔雀草入侵生态风险评估及其管理措施  

The invasive assessment and management measure of Tagetes minuta L.

作　　者：张瑞海[1] 张国良[1] 宋振[1] 王忠辉 付卫东[1] ZHANG Ruihai;ZHANG Guoliang;SONG Zhen;WANG Zhonghui;FU Weidong(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2019年第1期71-75,共5页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1201203)

摘　　要：【目的】印加孔雀草为菊科一年生草本植物,原产南美洲,现已在我国多个地区发现,局部呈现生态危害。分析印加孔雀草生态适应性特点,可以有针对地提出其风险指标体系和判断标准,确定其危险级别。【方法】对印加孔雀草的分布、危害情况及生物学特性进行调查,定性分析其生态适应性特点,定量分析评估其生态风险,确定其危险级别。【结果】根据风险指标体系准则层的赋值,其中入侵性R_1为83,适应性R_2为88,扩散性R_3为65,危害性R_4为84,计算得出印加孔雀草风险值(R)=80>61,属于具有危害性和侵入性的物种。【结论】印加孔雀草为具有危害性和侵入性的物种,应严格禁止引入。由于该植物已经传入我国,应采取必要的应急措施,开展检疫、监测和灭除,防止其传入其他还未发生的地区。【Aim】 Tagetes minuta L. is an annual alien plant introduced from South America to many areas of China, and is currently causing ecological damage. The aim of this paper was to analyze the ecological adaptive characteristics of T. minuta and propose the risk index system to determine its risk level.【Method】 The distribution, level of hazard and biological characteristics of T. minuta were investigated. The ecological adaptability of T. minuta was qualitatively analyzed, and the ecological risk was quantitatively analyzed.【Result】 The risk value of T. minuta was R =80>61 according to the evaluation of the risk indicator system ( R1 =83, R2 =88, R 3 =65, R 4 =84), indicating that T. minuta was agressive invasive species.【Conclusion】 T. minuta should be strictly prohibited. Since T. minuta has been disseminated to China, it′s necessary to carry out emergency measures to quarantine, monitor and eradicate, and prevent its spread into other areas of China.

关 键 词：印加孔雀草 风险评估 管理措施 入侵植物 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]