昆明桃园果蝇寄生蜂种类及其种群动态  

Species and population dynamics of parasitoid wasps at the peach orchard in Kunming, China

作　　者：王燕[1] 陈福寿[1] 张红梅[1] 李向永[1] 尹艳琼[1] 赵雪晴[1] 陈宗麒[1] WANG Yan;CHEN Fushou;ZHANG Hongmei;LI Xiangyong;YIN Yanqiong;ZHAO Xueqing;CHEN Zongqi(Agriculture Environment and Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650205, China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2019年第1期76-78,共3页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：中美联合项目(58-0212-3-006-F)

摘　　要：【目的】为控制果蝇类害虫危害,需掌握昆明桃园内果蝇寄生蜂的种类及种群消长动态。【方法】2014年4—10月在云南昆明小河乡(25°10′55.07″N,102°47′52.51″E,海拔2200 m)桃树果园,利用香蕉、诱盒收集桃园内果蝇天敌昆虫寄生蜂并进行分类鉴定,对其种群动态进行监测。【结果】共收集到6种果蝇寄生蜂,762只。经过鉴定分别为茧蜂科的Asobara brevicauda和Asobara mesocauda、环腹瘿蜂科的Leptopilina japonica、瘿蜂科的Ganaspis brasiliensis、锤角细蜂科的Trichopria drosophilae、金小蜂科的Pachycrepoideus vindemiae。其中A.mesocauda(29.40%)、G.brasiliensis(17.85%)、T.drosophilae(47.77%) 3种寄生蜂的发生数量相对较多,且不同寄生蜂的种群动态随着季节呈现不同的变化。【结论】结合桃园内果蝇的种群动态,初步筛选出果蝇的优势天敌为瘿蜂科G.brasiliensis和锤角细蜂科T.drosophilae,并将对其的保护利用开展进一步研究。【Aim】 In order to manage the widespread fruit fly pests, the status of natural enemies, as well as the population dynamics of fruit flies and their parasitoids should be known. 【Method】 In 2014, the species and population of natural enemies of fruit flies at the peach orchard in Xiaohe township, Kunming, Yunnan Province(25°10′55.07″N, 102°47′52.51″E, altitude: 2200 m) were monitored using banana bait boxes. 【Result】 Six species,762 parasitic wasps of fruit flies were collected from April to October at the peach orchard, including Asobara brevicauda, Asobara mesocauda, Leptopilina japonica, Ganaspis brasiliensis, Trichopria drosophilae and Pachycrepoideus vindemiae. Three species of parasitic wasps: A. mesocauda(29.40%), G. brasiliensis(17.85%) and T. drosophilae(47.77%). The population dynamics of these different parasitoids varied seasonally. 【Conclusion】According to the population dynamics of fruit flies, the most promising natural enemies are G. brasiliensis and T. drosophilae. Further research on their utilization will be carried out.

关 键 词：桃园 果蝇寄生蜂 种群动态 

分 类 号：S436.621[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]