台阶式溢洪道摩阻流速沿程变化研究  

Study on the Friction Velocity of Stepped Spillways

作　　者：刘应忠 刘韩生[1] LIU Yingzhong;LIU Hansheng(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100, China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《人民黄河》2019年第4期107-109,113,共4页Yellow River

摘　　要：为了研究台阶式溢洪道摩阻流速沿程变化规律,将其与相对应的光滑溢洪道进行对比,引入相对摩阻流速的概念。通过对台阶高度为0.5～2.0 m、坡角为26.6°～48.0°、单宽流量为35.7～62.2 m^2/s的台阶式溢洪道模型进行试验,分析了各个模型条件下摩阻流速和相对摩阻流速与流程长度之间的关系。分析发现:台阶式溢洪道摩阻流速沿程变化情况复杂,而台阶式溢洪道相对摩阻流速与流程长度之间具有良好的线性关系,规律显著,便于分析应用,以此论证了引入台阶式溢洪道相对摩阻流速的必要性。适当提高台阶高度对消能有利,在小单宽流量和坡度较陡时,台阶式溢洪道消能效果更佳。In order to explore the changing rule of friction velocity, this paper introduced the concept of relative friction velocity by comparing with the corresponding smooth spillway. Model tests were conducted using a step height range of 0.5-2.0 m, a spillway slope range of 26.6°-48.0° and a unit discharge range of 35.7-62.2 m^2/s. Analysis of the test date indicates that the relative friction velocity keeps favorable linear relations with flow length in different model conditions, while friction velocity of stepped spillways has complicated relationships with flow length, which are difficult to be applied. Experiment results prove the necessity of introducing the relative friction velocity for stepped spillways. It is beneficial for energy dissipation to improve step heights properly and the energy dissipation effect of stepped spillways is better when the unit width discharge is small and the bottom slope is steep.

关 键 词：台阶式溢洪道 摩阻流速 单宽流量 台阶高度 坡度 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]