“文革”初期“造反派”对《科研十四条》的批判  

The Criticism of 14 Suggestions on Scientific Research by the “Rebels” in the Early Period of the Cultural Revolution

作　　者：胡化凯[1] HU Huakai

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系

出　　处：《科学文化评论》2018年第6期47-61,共15页Science & Culture Review

摘　　要："文化大革命"初期,"造反派"对被邓小平称为"科学工作宪法"的《科研十四条》开展了群众性的大批判。依据相关资料,对批判情况作了系统的考察。认为,《科研十四条》受到批判的主要原因是它明显不符合"文革"文件的要求,以及得到了刘少奇和邓小平的充分肯定;"造反派"采取的批判形式是"大字报、大辩论、大批判";所依据的指导思想是以阶级斗争为纲和无产阶级专政理论;所要达到的目的是肃清所谓的"刘邓资产阶级反动路线"在科技界的"流毒",避免资本主义复辟;这是一种颠倒黑白、混淆是非的错误批判,是对国家科技政策的极大破坏。In the early period of the Great Cultural Revolution,rebels launched a great mass criticism of 14 Suggestions on Scientific Research which Deng Xiaoping called“the constitution of scientific work”.This article investigates the criticism systematically by using some related information.It thinks that,the reason why 14 Suggestions on Scientific Research was criticized is because of the discrepancy between it and documents of the Cultural Revolution,and the full affirmation of Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping.The forms of rebels,criticism were“big-character posters,great debates and mass criticism”;the guiding thoughts it accorded to were taking the struggle of classes as the target and theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat;and its purpose was to eliminate the pernicious influence on science of the so-called“Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping’s reactionary bourgeois line”to avoid capitalist restoration.This mistaken criticism called white black,confused right and wrong and was a big destruction to the national technology policy.

关 键 词：文革 科研十四条 批判原因 批判形式 指导思想 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]