京津冀地区乡村就业非农化对耕地利用效率的影响  

Effects of off-farm employment on farmland use efficiency in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

作　　者：方方[1] 何仁伟[2,3] 何砚 FANG Fang;HE Ren-wei;HE Yan(Institute of Economics, Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;City Situation Survey Research Center, Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;School of Resources and Environment, Xichang College, Xichang, Sichuan 615013, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市社会科学院经济研究所,北京100101 [2]北京市社会科学院市情调研中心,北京100101 [3]西昌学院资源与环境学院,四川西昌615013

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2019年第2期234-242,共9页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41601176;41461040);北京市社会科学基金重点项目(17YJA002);北京市社会科学院一般课题项目(2017C4393)~~

摘　　要：将京津冀地区147个典型区县划分为优化开发区(Ⅰ)、重点开发区(Ⅱ)、农产品主产区(Ⅲ)与生态保护区(Ⅳ)四大地域类型区,运用随机前沿生产函数模型,测算了2000—2016年京津冀县域及四大地域类型区的耕地利用效率,探讨了京津冀地区乡村就业非农化对耕地利用效率的影响。研究结果表明:1)2000—2016年,京津冀四大地域类型区乡村就业非农化率由高至低依次为Ⅱ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ,四大地域类型区不同时期耕地利用效率值及其增速各异;2)回归结果显示,京津冀地区乡村就业非农化对耕地利用效率的影响存在显著的地域差异性,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ区耕地利用效率对乡村就业非农化率的弹性系数分别为0.008 9、-0.003 8、0.002 4,Ⅳ区乡村就业非农化率与耕地利用效率之间的关系不显著;3)基于此,应采取培育农村新产业与新业态,建立健全土地流转机制与农用地用途变更监管机制,实施差异化的耕地可持续利用路径等措施,构建不同地域类型农业发展新模式,以提升京津冀地区耕地利用效率,引导乡村劳动力有序转移与理性回归。By dividing 147 typical counties of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region into four zones: optimizing development zone(Ⅰ), priority development zone(Ⅱ), agricultural zone(Ⅲ) and ecological preservation zone(Ⅳ), this paper estimated farmland use efficiency of the counties of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as well as the four zones in 2000-2016 by stochastic frontier production function model and explored the effects of rural off-farm employment on farmland use efficiency. Results show that: 1) The rural off-farm employment rates are different among four different zones with the following order from the highest to the lowest:Ⅱ,Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ;And 2) there were significant regional differences of the effects of rural off-farm employment on farmland use efficiency in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,with the elasticities of the farmland use efficiency to the rate of rural off-farm employment were 0.008 9,-0.003 8,0.002 4 for development zone(Ⅰ), priority development zone(Ⅱ), and agricultural zone(Ⅲ) respectively. While the elasticity in the ecological preservation zone(Ⅳ) is not significant. Finally, in order to build new modes of agricultural development to increase the farmland use efficiency and to guide rational labor transfer in an orderly manner, this paper suggests: To cultivate new industry and new format, to establish a sound mechanism of land conversion and regulatory mechanism of agricultural land use change, and to implement differentiated path choices for sustainable arable land use.

关 键 词：乡村就业非农化 耕地利用效率 随机前沿生产函数 固定效应模型 地域类型 京津冀地区 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济]