基于城市“海绵体”环境地质条件的海绵城市建设适宜性评价体系及其应用——以焦作市为例  

A suitability evaluation system of sponge city construction based on environmental geological condition of urban sponge body and its application——a case study of Jiaozuo City

作　　者：王帅伟[1] 王秀艳[1] 孙琳[1] 刘长礼[1] WANG Shuaiwei;WANG Xiuyan;SUN Lin;LIU Changli(Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061 , Hebei, China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2019年第2期79-87,共9页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502502);国家自然科学基金项目(41807231;41272301);中国地质科学院基础研究项目(YYWF201628);国土资源大调查项目(D20160244;DD20189262)

摘　　要：针对我国因城市化而日益出现的一系列城市水问题,为更有效、更具有针对性地进行海绵城市建设,综合国内外海绵城市建设指标评价方法,从环境地质角度出发考虑城市"海绵体"雨水环境承载力的地质属性,基于大量实际钻孔及原位渗水试验提取城市"海绵体"的环境地质参数。通过研究海绵城市建设中海绵能力和环境地质参数的内在关系,提出针对原始海绵地质条件的海绵渗水、海绵蓄水和海绵城市水容量三个海绵能力指标,建立海绵城市建设地质环境指标评价体系和方法,最后以中国中部城市焦作市为例进行海绵城市建设环境地质适宜性评价。结果表明:(1)海绵渗水、海绵蓄水和海绵城市水容量三个海绵能力指标可有效表示海绵城市建设环境地质适宜性能力的优劣,指标值大于1表示该城市"海绵体"环境地质能力足以解决最大降雨带来的城市水问题;(2)焦作市研究区整体来说渗水能力较差,降雨条件下会导致地面产生地表径流,而城市"海绵体"蓄水能力及城市水容量较好,可容纳最大降雨条件下产生的地表渗水及渗水能力不足而产生的积水,不会发生城市洪涝灾害。同时,结合研究区实际情况对比进行分析评价,给出海绵城市建设的详细建议。研究成果可为中原城市群海绵城市建设、城市雨水管理规划设计提供思路及参考。Aiming at the urban water problems increasingly occurred due to the urbanization in China, the methods of evaluating the construction indexes of the sponge city at home and abroad are integrated herein for considering the geological attribute of the rainwater environment bearing capacity of urban sponge body from the aspect of the environmental geology, so as to more effectively and more targetedly carry out the sponge city construction, while the environmental geological parameters of the urban sponge body are extracted based on a large amount of actual drilling holes and in-situ permeability tests. Through the study on the internal relation between the sponge capacity and the environmental geological parameters during the construction of sponge city, three sponge capacity indexes, i.e. sponge permeability, sponge storage and water capacity of sponge city, for the original sponge city geological condition are put forward, and then the system and method of evaluating geological environment indexes for the construction of sponge city construction are established as well. The result shows that(1) the three sponge capacity indexes of sponge permeability, sponge storage and water capacity of sponge city can effectively express the merit and defect of the adaptive capacity of the environmental geology for the construction of sponge city, while the value of the index larger than 1.0 expresses that the sponge body of the city is sufficient to solve the urban water problem from the maximum rainfall;(2) generally speaking, the water permeability of the study area in Jiaozuo City is poorer, and then surface runoff is to be caused under the condition of rainfall, while both the storage capacity and the urban water capacity of the urban sponge body are better and then can hold the water logging induced by the surface seepage and insufficient permeable capacity created under the maximum rainfall condition, thus no urban flood disaster is to occur. Meanwhile, the relevant analysis and evaluation are carried out in combination

关 键 词：海绵城市 SWMM 环境地质 海绵能力 适宜性评价 城市雨洪资源利用 低影响开发 城市内涝防治 

分 类 号：P641.69[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]