制氢装置预转化催化剂应用分析  

Analysis of application of preconversion catalyst for hydrogen production unit

作　　者：张晓楠 汪智科 Zhang Xiaonan;Wang Zhike(SINOPCHEM Energy Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100031)

机构地区：[1]中化能源股份有限公司,北京市100031

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2019年第2期46-49,共4页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：在天然气制氢的原料价格比使用液态烃高30%的市场条件下,使用预转化催化剂为制氢原料的多样化、降低产氢成本创造了条件。相对于其他种类催化剂,预转化催化剂对毒物反应敏感、失活速率更快,因此要求原料中硫、氯的质量分数应严格控制在0.1μg/g以内;对比预转化出入口工艺介质焓值变化,阐述通过轻烃预转化反应过程中的放热反应-吸热反应相耦合,可有效降低转化炉单元热负荷22%以上;在原料流经催化剂并反应完全需要800～1 200 mm装填高度的基础上,为使催化剂在一个生产周期内充分发挥活性效能,结合装置催化剂实际装填高度,运行初期和中期的失活速率分别控制在54 mm/月和122 mm/月为宜;分析工艺条件对反应效果的影响,对催化剂失效过程的监控,能切实提升制氢装置运行效率与周期,降低产氢成本,增加炼油厂整体生产效益。Under the conditions that the price of feedstock for natural gas to hydrogen is 30%higher than that of liquid hydrocarbon feed,the application of preconversion catalysts has provided good conditions for increasing the varieties of hydrogen generation feedstocks and reducing the cost for hydrogen generation.As compared with other types of catalysts,the preconversion catalyst is sensitive to the contaminates and faster in loss of activity.Therefore,the sulfur and chlorides in the feedstock are required to be controlled within 0.1 ppm.By comparing the change of enthalpy of the inlet and outlet of the preconversion reactor,the exothermic reaction-endothermic reaction coupling in the preconversion process can be clarified,which can reduce over 22%heat load of the reforming furnace.A height of 800-1 200 mm is required for the feedstock flowing through the catalyst and reacting completely.In order to make the catalyst give full play to its activity efficiency within an operation cycle and in consideration of the loading height of the catalysts in the unit,it is appropriate to control the deactivation rate at 54 mm/month and 122 mm/month in the early and middle stages of operation.Analysis of the impact of process conditions on the reaction performance and monitoring and control of catalyst deactivation can improve the operation efficiency and extend the operating cycle.In addition,the operation costs can be reduced and operation benefits of the refinery can be elevated.

关 键 词：制氢装置 预转化 失活速率 焓值 

分 类 号：TQ116.25[化学工程—无机化工]