U-2飞机飞行员高空减压病及防护  

Altitude decompression sickness and its protection in U-2 pilots

作　　者：刘晓鹏 涂磊 李晗 Liu Xiaopeng;Tu lei;Li Han

机构地区：[1]空军特色医学中心,北京100142

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2018年第3期247-251,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的综述U-2高空侦察飞机飞行员高空减压病(altitude decompression illness,ADS)的发病情况以及防护研究进展,为今后我国开展超高空飞行飞行员生命保障技术研究提供借鉴。资料来源与选择国内外该领域相关文献。资料引用引用公开发表的文献21篇。资料综合ADS始终是U-2飞机飞行员面临的重要威胁。笔者对1959年以来公开报道的U-2飞机飞行员ADS案例进行综述,分析U-2飞行员ADS发病情况的变化趋势,以及美军在ADS的预防、诊断和治疗方面的研究进展。结论U-2飞行员长时间、高频率高空低气压暴露的特点,使ADS在U-2飞行员中保持着较高的发病率和较严重的后果。研究U-2飞行员ADS防治经验,对我军开展超高空飞行器飞行员防护技术研究具有重要的借鉴作用。Objective To review the incidence of altitude decompression sickness(ADS) and protections in U-2 pilots in order to provide reference to Chinese pilot's life support technique for extra-high altitude flight. Literature resource and selection The related articles published at home and abroad. Literature quotation Twenty-one published references were cited. Literature synthesis The ADS is always a serious threat to the health of the pilots in extra-high altitude flight . In this paper,the author reviewed all the publicly reported ADS cases of U-2 pilots since 1959,and analyzed the trending of incidence of ADS in U-2 pilots and the study progress on the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of ADS in US military. Conclusions The high morbidity and serious consequence of ADS in U-2 pilots are due to the U-2 pilots frequently expose to the high altitude hypobaric environment for long time. It is meaningful to our study on pilot's life support technique for extra-high altitude flight by summarizing the prevention and countermeasures of ADS for U-2 pilots.

关 键 词：减压病 抗重力服 诊断 治疗 神经性减压病 综述 飞行员 

分 类 号：R852.16[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]