苏北浅滩绿藻从定生到漂浮过程中的组成及其生长特性  

GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF GREEN ALGAE FROM ATTACHED TO FLOATED GROWTH PROCESS IN THE SUBEI SHOAL

作　　者：韩笑天[1,2,3,4] 赵婷[1] 苗辉 孙斌[5] 赵卫红[2,3,4] 颜天 于仁成[2,3,4] HAN Xiao-Tian;ZHAO Ting;MIAO Hui;SUN Bin;ZHAO Wei-Hong;YAN Tian;YU REN-Cheng(Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;Qingdao Institute for Ocean Engineering of Tianjin University, Qingdao 266200, China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,青岛266100 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,青岛266237 [4]中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心,青岛266071 [5]天津大学青岛海洋工程研究院,青岛266200

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2019年第2期308-315,共8页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室鳌山科技创新计划项目;2016ASKJ02-01号;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项子课题;XDA1201020304号

摘　　要：本文研究了苏北浅滩紫菜养殖筏架上附生的定生绿藻及海面上的漂浮绿藻在3月底和5月初的群落组成及其演替变化。分别通过设置滩涂围隔实验和船基围隔实验,研究附着态和漂浮态绿藻和浒苔(Ulvaprolifera)的相对生长率,分析浒苔在苏北浅滩的实际生长状况以及滩涂潮水涨落对于浒苔成为优势种的影响,以期了解其暴发绿潮的原因。结果显示3月底定生绿藻群落主要以曲浒苔(U. flexuosa)和盘苔(Blidingia minima)为主要优势种,未见浒苔出现。5月初定生绿藻群落中主要以盘苔和扁浒苔(U.compressa)为优势种,其中浒苔只占15%。而在5月初海面漂浮的绿藻中,浒苔成为主要优势种,比例达到76%。在设置的船基围隔和滩涂围隔的生长实验中,均以5月初定生绿藻为初始生物量,其中附着态浒苔在转变为漂浮态浒苔过程中都获得了较高生长率,其平均相对生长率分别为53.0和64.2%/d,而漂浮态浒苔在船基围隔中获得相对生长率则较低,为19.1%/d。实验结果表明,定生绿藻中定生浒苔更快适应漂浮状态,可以通过高生长率迅速成为漂浮绿藻中的绝对优势种,为其暴发绿潮奠定生物量基础。We studied the community structure of attached green algae and floated green algae in late March and early May. The relative growth rate (RGR) of green algae and Ulva prolifera was conducted in the experiments of ship-based mesocosm and shoal-based mesocosm. The results show that the main dominant species of the green algae community in late March were U. flexuosa and Blidingia minima but no U. prolifera occurred. The dominant species in early May were Blidingia minima and U. compressa. U. prolifera accounted for 15% of the total biomass of attached green algae in late May, but increased to 76.0% after they floated onto the sea surface. The results of ship-based mesocosm and shoal-based mosocosm experiments showed that the relative growth rate of attached U. prolifera reached the highest RGR value of 64.2%/d. The RGR of the free-floating U. prolifera was 19.1%/d lower than the attached U. prolifera. Therefore, the fast floating ability and high growth ability of U. prolifera were the main reasons for blooming into the green tides.

关 键 词：苏北浅滩 绿藻 浒苔(Ulvaprolifera) 相对生长率 围隔 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]