不同扰动带设置对坡耕地产流产沙的影响  

Effect of Different Disturbed Belt on Runoff and Sediment Yield in Slope Farmland

作　　者：郭志鹏 段喜明[1] 裴峥[1] GUO Zhipeng;DUAN Ximing;PEI Zheng(College of Forestry,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2019年第4期641-644,664,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为研究减小坡耕地水土流失的方法,试验在5°,10°和15°的径流小区内沿等高线设置扰动带(长条形翻耕扰动区域,投影宽度30 cm),研究其对坡耕地产流产沙的影响。通过改变扰动带的位置(小区上方或下方)、坡度(水平状或原坡状)和覆盖情况(有覆盖或无覆盖)对小区进行处理,并与CK(未设置扰动带的小区)进行比较。结果表明,设置扰动带可延迟产流时间,扰动带的位置变化对产流时间的影响最明显,其中,设置于小区下方水平有覆盖的扰动带延迟产流效果最好,产流时间延迟6.4～8.1 min;所有扰动带均有减流效果,设置于下方水平有覆盖的扰动带减流效果最好,与CK相比产流量减少42.81%～43.74%;扰动带的减沙效果与覆盖条件有关,有覆盖的扰动带具有明显的减沙效果,无覆盖的扰动带减沙效果不明显,甚至造成产沙量增加,其中,设置于下方水平有覆盖的扰动带减沙效果最好,与CK相比,产沙量减少32.47%～44.14%。To study the method of reducing soil and water loss in slope farmland, this experiment set up a disturbed belt along the contour line in the runoff plots of 5°,10°and 15°(long strip plowing disturbed zone, projection width 30 cm), and studied the impact to runoff and sediment yield in slope farmland. The district was processed by changing the position of the disturbed belt (above or below the district), the slope(horizontal or original slope) and the mulching(with or without mulching) and was compared with CK (district without disturbed belt). The results showed that the setting of the disturbed belt could delay the time of production runoff, and the position change of the disturbed belt had the most obvious influence on the runoff time. The disturbed belt with mulching in the horizontal slope below the district had the best effect on delaying runoff, and the runoff time was delayed by 6.4-8.1 min. All the disturbed belts had the effect of runoff and sediment reduction, and the disturbed belt with mulching in the horizontal slope below the district had the best effect of reducing runoff, and the runoff yield was reduced by 42.81%-43.74% compared with CK. The sediment-reducing effect of the disturbed belt was related to the mulching condition. The disturbed belt with mulching had obvious effect, while the disturbed belt without mulching had no obvious effect of reducing sediment, and even caused an increase in sediment yield. The disturbed belt with mulching in the horizontal slope below the district had the best sediment reduction effect. Compared with CK, the sediment yield was reduced by 32.47%-44.14%.

关 键 词：坡耕地 人工降雨 扰动带 秸秆覆盖 产流产沙 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]