圆柱体体积测量不确定度计算的探究  

Question on Calculation of Uncertainty in Measurement of Cylinder Volume

作　　者：屈玉福[1] 王中宇[1] 左思然 胡勇波 钱政[1] QU Yu-fu;WANG Zhong-yu;ZUO Si-ran;HU Yong-bo;QIAN Zheng(School of Instrumentation Science & Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《计量学报》2018年第B12期53-57,共5页Acta Metrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675033).

摘　　要：根据国家标准规定的间接测量量不确定度的合成过程,推导了由底面直径和高度的测量值计算获得的圆柱体体积的不确定度计算公式,推导得出的圆柱体体积不确定度的自由度计算公式比费业泰主编的《误差理论与数据处理(第6版)》的计算公式中的分母少1个测微仪示值误差的相关项。经分析,测量高度和直径时所产生的示值误差属于随机误差,并不相关。因此,在计算圆柱体体积不确定度的自由度时,不应引入测微仪的示值误差对高度和直径测量的相关项。According to the synthetic process of the indirect measurement uncertainty of the national standard, the formula for calculating the uncertainty of the cylinder volume calculated from the measured values of the diameter and height of the bottom surface is derived. The degree of freedom calculated of the volume of the cylinder with derived formula less a relevant item about indication error of the micrometer in the denominator in the formula of degrees of freedom than Error Theory and Data Processing (6th Edition) edited by Fei Yetai. After analysis, the indication error of the micrometer is a random error in measuring height and diameter of the cylinder, it is not relevant. Therefore, in calculating the degree of freedom of the cylinder volume uncertainty, the relevant items on indication error of the micrometer should not be introduced to the calculation formula of degree of freedom of uncertainty.

关 键 词：计量学 不确定度 自由度 间接测量 圆柱体体积 

分 类 号：TB92[一般工业技术—计量学]