圈养环境下黑帽悬猴行为时间分配和活动节律  

Time Budget and Activity Rhythm of Captive Black-Capped Capuchin

作　　者：渠畅[1] 赵丽娜 程鲲[1] 余树培 张敬旸 QU Chang;ZHAO Lina;CHENG Kun;YU Shupei;ZHANG Jingyang(College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China;Nanjing Red Mountain Forest Zoo,Nanjing,210000,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]南京红山森林动物园,南京210000

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2019年第2期279-284,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

摘　　要：2017年4月在南京红山森林动物园,采用瞬时扫描取样法观察5只黑帽悬猴(Cebus apella)的行为,分析不同性别、年龄组的日行为时间分配和活动节律。结果表明,圈养黑帽悬猴的主要行为活动为休息(52. 06±1. 03)%、移动(23. 22±0. 58)%、取食(14. 65±0. 69)%、理毛(4. 98±0. 35)%等。雄猴和雌猴的休息、玩耍、乞食和刻板行为所占时间比例差异显著。相比于成年黑帽悬猴,幼猴玩耍的时间更长(χ~2=13. 643,P <0. 05),乞食行为所占时间更多(χ~2=4. 057,P <0. 05)。雄猴取食时间先于雌猴和幼猴,在上午和下午投食后均优先取食。周末游客人数比平日显著增加,雌猴和幼猴乞食行为也显著增多,其波动节律具有一致性。针对圈养黑帽悬猴行为管理提出了一些丰容措施和游客管理建议。We quantified the behaviors of 5 captive black-capped capuchins(Cebus apella)using instantaneous scan sampling method at Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo in April 2017.The diurnal time budgets and activity rhythms of males,females and juveniles were analyzed.The main activities were resting(52.06%±1.03%),moving(23.22%±0.58%),feeding(14.65%±0.69%)and grooming(4.98%±0.35%).The proportions of time spent resting,playing,begging and stereotyped behavior differed by sex.The juveniles spent more time playing(χ^2=13.643,P<0.05)and begging than did adults(χ^2=4.057,P<0.05).Male capuchins had priority over females and juveniles when feeding,and ate first after provisioning in the morning and afternoon.The number of visitors significantly increased on weekends and the begging behaviors of female and juveniles also significantly increased,and their begging rhythm was consistent with visitor fluctuation.Based on the behavior management of captive black-capped capuchins we offer recommendations for enrichment methods and visitor management.

关 键 词：黑帽悬猴 南京红山森林动物园 活动时间分配 节律 游客数量 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]