埋植褪黑激素的水貂冬季直针毛生长过程及鳞片形态性状研究  

Growth Process and Scale Morphological Characters of Guard Hairs of Melatonin-Implanted Mink in Winter

作　　者：瞿博 刘微[1] 莫举霞 张伟[1] QU Bo;LIU Wei;MO Juxia;ZHANG Wei(College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2019年第2期312-316,共5页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0502201-07)

摘　　要：为研究埋植褪黑激素的水貂(Mustela vison)冬季直针毛生长过程及形态学性状的特点,测量埋植褪黑激素后31 d、62 d和75 d的水貂鲜皮腹部、背部和臀部新生冬季直针毛的毛长度、毛最粗处细度、毛根无髓段长度及毛根扁平型鳞片总长度等形态学指标。统计分析结果表明:埋植褪黑激素31 d后,水貂3个部位均出现了新生冬季直针毛;且臀部的新生冬季直针毛的毛长度最大,单位面积上新生冬季直针毛数量最多。埋植褪黑激素后31 d至62 d冬季直针毛的平均生长速度为:腹部(0. 33±0. 07) mm/d、背部(0. 44±0. 07) mm/d、臀部(0. 45±0. 08) mm/d,埋植褪黑激素后62 d至75 d冬季直针毛的平均生长速度为:腹部(0. 25±0. 06) mm/d、背部(0. 29±0. 10) mm/d、臀部(0. 36±0. 03) mm/d,均表现为臀部>背部>腹部的情形。埋植褪黑激素后31 d至62 d的冬季直针毛平均生长速度较快;埋植褪黑激素后62 d至75 d的冬季直针毛平均生长速度降低。冬季直针毛的长度与毛根无髓段长度、毛根扁平型鳞片总长度相关性不显著(P>0. 05);毛最粗处细度与毛根无髓段长度、毛根扁平型鳞片总长度相关性不显著(P>0. 05);毛根无髓段长度与毛根扁平型鳞片总长度呈极显著正相关(P <0. 01)。判断水貂取皮时间时,可以选择冬季直针毛的毛根无髓段长度作为指标。We studied the growth and morphological characteristics of guard hairs of melatonin-implanted mink(Mustela vison)in winter.On days 31,62 and 75 after melatonin implantation we sampled newly grown guard hairs from three body locations(belly,back and buttocks).We measured guard hair length,maximum hair diameter,length of medulla-absent region at hair root and length of overall flat-shaped scales pattern near hair root.On day 31,fresh winter guard hairs appeared at all three sites,and the newly grown guard hairs on the buttocks were longest and grew at highest density.From day 31 to 62,the growth rate of guard hairs was 0.33±0.07 mm/d on the belly,0.44±0.07 mm/d on the back,and 0.45±0.08 mm/d on the buttocks.From day 62 to 75,the growth rate of guard hairs was 0.25±0.06 mm/d on the belly,0.29±0.10 mm/d on the back,and 0.36±0.03 mm/d on the buttocks.The hair growth rate declined from buttock,to back,to belly during the two periods.Hair growth rate was rapid during day 31 to 62,and slow down during day 62 to 75.Hair length was not correlated with length of medulla-absent region at hair root or length of overall flat-shaped scales pattern near hair root(P>0.05 in both cases).Maximum hair diameter was not related to length of medulla-absent region at hair root,or length of overall flat-shaped scales pattern near hair root(P>0.05 in all cases).The length of medulla-absent region at hair root was significantly positively correlated with length of overall flat-shaped scale pattern near hair root(P<0.01).To determine the proper time for pelting mink,the length of the medulla-absent region at hair root of guard hairs in winter can be used as the index.

关 键 词：水貂 褪黑激素 冬季直针毛 形态学性状 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]