园林废弃物在观赏向日葵播种中的应用  

Application of Garden Waste in Ornamental Sunflower Seeding

作　　者：王雪芹[1] 李凯 吴超然[1] 施文斌 WANG Xue-qin;LI Kai;WU Chao-ran;SHI Wen-bin(Beijing Botanical Garden/Beijing Floriculture Engineering Technology Research Center/Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市植物园/北京市花卉园艺工程技术研究中心/城乡生态环境北京实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2019年第4期30-33,57,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：随着园林的发展,城市中的园林废弃物日益增多。将园林废弃物经过简单的粉碎腐熟后加以利用,既减少了污染,又降低了生产成本。为促进园林废弃物的合理利用,本文以观赏向日葵品种大笑脸种子为试验材料,利用园林废弃物粉碎腐熟并掺入蛭石和珍珠岩作为基质。将蛭石和珍珠岩等份混合,研究了混合播种基质的物理性状及对种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:通过测定基质的容重、孔隙度等基本物理性状,随着蛭石和珍珠岩等掺入物比例的增加,土壤物理性状越来越好,其中3(腐殖基质)∶7(蛭石珍珠岩等量掺入物)与进口的播种土性状最接近。根冠比和壮苗指标的测定和计算表明,按照3∶7的比例配比的基质最适宜向日葵的播种和幼苗生长。With the development of gardens,there are more and more gardens wastes in cities.After simple crushing and ripening,gardening wastes are utilized,which not only reduces pollution,but also reduces production costs.In order to promote the rational use of garden wastes,the ornamental cultivar Daxiaolao sunflower seeds were used as test materials,and garden wastes were crushed and matured and mixed with vermiculite and perlite as matrix.By mixing vermiculite and perlite equally,the physical properties of mixed sowing media and their effects on seed germination and seedling growth were studied.The results showed that with the increase of the proportion of vermiculite and perlite,the physical properties of soils become better and better by measuring the basic physical properties of matrix,such as bulk density and porosity.Among them,3(humic matrix)∶7(vermiculite-perlite equivalent admixture)was the closest to that of imported sowing soils.The determination and calculation of root-shoot ratio and strong seedling index showed that the medium proportioned according to 3 ∶7 ratio was the most suitable for sunflower seeding and seedling growth.

关 键 词：配比 园林废弃物 观赏向日葵 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]