真的都是“专利流氓”吗?——如何正确看待NPEs  

Are They Really "Patent Trolls"——How to Treat the NPEs Correctly

作　　者：洪结银[1] 封曾陟 陶爱萍[1] Hong Jieyin;Feng Zengzhi;Tao Aiping(School of Economics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学经济学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《情报杂志》2019年第4期29-36,共8页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目"基于技术标准的专利联盟经济效率与反垄断政策研究"(编号:14BJY006);国家社会科学基金一般项目"互联网经济中的技术标准锁定与开源开放研究"(编号:17BJY004)

摘　　要：[目的/意义]近年来,在产业链垂直分工不断细化的大环境下,非专利实施实体(NPEs)在经济运行中扮演着越来越重要的角色,其特殊的商业模式对创新和经济效率的影响也引发了广泛的关注。[方法/过程]分析NPEs的形成与发展过程,从NPEs的运营模式、NPEs反竞争行为的由来等方面系统研究NPEs影响技术市场和产品市场的机制和动因。[结果/结论]发现需要辩证地看待NPEs在技术交易和创新中的作用。一方面,很多NPEs作为技术市场的交易中介,充分发挥了交易专业化分工的好处,可以降低技术供求双方的信息不对称和交易成本。另一方面,由于不平等的议价能力、法律在专利宽度方面的模糊条款和标定的高额赔偿,许多NPEs同时给处在生命周期成长阶段的产业带来了大量的非效率行为。[Purpose/Significance]In recent years, under the environment of continuous refinement of vertical division of labor in the industrial chain, Non-patent entities(NPEs) played an increasingly important role in economic operation. The impact of its special business model on innovation and economic efficiency has also aroused widespread concern.[Method/Process]This paper analyzes the formation and development process of NPEs, and systematically studies the mechanism and motivation of NPEs’ influence on technology market and product market from the operation mode and the origin of NPEs’ anti-competition behavior.[Result/Conclusion]We realize that it requires a dialectical view on the role of NPEs in technology trading and innovation. On the one hand, as a transaction intermediary in the technology market, many NPEs give full play to the benefits of specialized division of labor, and can reduce the information asymmetry and transaction cost of both sides of technology supply and demand. On the other hand, due to the unequal bargaining capability, the vague provisions of the laws and regulations on patent and the marked high compensation, many NPEs also bring a lot of inefficient behaviors to the industries that are still at their growth stage of the life cycle.

关 键 词：非专利实施实体 专业化分工 策略性行为 专利流氓 

分 类 号：G306[文化科学]