“诗可以怨”与“发愤著书”说  

Discussion on “Poetry Can Complain”and“Being Assiduous in Book Writing”

作　　者：刘怀荣 LIU Huai-rong(College of Journalism and Communication,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,Shandong)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学文学与新闻传播学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第2期23-31,共9页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：上古以来的进谏制度,孕育了以诗讽谏的政治文明传统。作为这一政治—艺术活动的副产品,怨刺诗不仅在《诗经》中占有很大的比重,而且在内容、艺术表达等方面,也已形成了足以与其他诗歌相区别的类型化特点。孔子在此基础上提出"诗可以怨"的命题,促进了《诗》教的系统化进程。司马迁"发愤著书"说的本义,首先应在其文化理想的语境中加以理解。它与"诗可以怨"各有源流,各具特色,并无直接的关系。而后世所谓"不平则鸣""穷而后工"等影响深远的论说,与其说是对"发愤著书"的继承和发展,毋宁说更多的是误读与引申。Since ancient times,the remonstrance system has bred the political civilization tradition of remonstrating with poems.As a by-product of this political-artistic activity,satiric poetry not only occupies a large proportion in the book of songs,but also formed the typological characteristics that distinguish them from other poems in terms of content and artistic expression.On this basis,Confucius put forward the proposition that"poetry can complain",which promoted the systematic process of "poetry"teaching.The original meaning of SimaQian’s theory of"being assiduous in book writing"should first be understood in the context of his cultural ideals.It has its own origin and characteristics and has no direct in relation with "poetry can complain".However,the so-called "expressing after discontentment"and "adversity reverals genius"in later generations were more a misreading and extension than the inheritance and development of "being assiduous in book writing".

关 键 词：进谏 以诗讽谏 怨刺诗 诗可以怨 发愤著书 

分 类 号：K204.2[历史地理—历史学] I207.222[历史地理—中国史]