跨文化吸收能力:跨国并购背景下知识转移过程的探索  

Intercultural absorptive capacity:The exploration of knowledge transferring in international M&As

作　　者：孟凡臣[1] 刘博文[1] MENG Fan-chen;LIU Bo-wen(School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学管理与经济学院,北京100081

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2019年第2期50-60,共11页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71272060);北京理工大学校内联合培养博士生基金

摘　　要：随着全球化发展的不断深入,越来越多的企业通过跨国并购获取先进技术,进而提升自身的核心竞争力。在并购过程中,目标企业的知识能否有效的转移,是跨国并购能否取得成功的关键因素。从目前情况来看,企业跨国并购的效果并不理想,一方面是由于企业的吸收能力不足,导致企业无法真正理解从并购中获取的先进技术;另一方面是由于文化差异的存在使得企业无法顺利地完成知识的获取和吸收。本文以吸收能力理论和跨文化整合理论为基础,结合跨国并购的阶段模型,探索了跨国并购背景下知识转移的过程,并以三一重工并购普茨迈斯特为例,提出了跨文化吸收能力的理论模型。Along with the development of globalization, more and more firms have acquired advanced technologies through international Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As) to improve their core competence. During the whole process of international M&A, whether knowledge of target firms can be transferred successfully is the key factor of a successful M&A deal. Based on previous empirical research, we found most of the firms couldn’t benefit from international M&As. One reason is they didn’t have the required level of absorptive capacity;another reason is that cultural differences between target and main firms hampered the integration process. Based on Absorptive Capacity and Intercultural Integration theories, we discussed the processes of knowledge transfer in international M&As with the International M&A’s Stages Model. Finally, we presented a process-based model of Intercultural Absorptive Capacity by analyzing the case of SANY M&A Putzmeister. In this paper, we used the case study as a research method to develop the theory. We established a group (1 Ph.D. tutor, 1 Ph.D. student, and three graduate students) to collect data from July 2013 to February 2016 continually and build a database. Subsequently, through repeated coding, discussion, and analysis, we finally deleted 417 pieces of data which are useless for this research, combined 676 pieces of data into 200 pieces which have same or similar meanings, and obtained 318 valid pieces of data in the total of 1211 pieces. In this paper, we divided the whole process of a normal M&A deal into three different stages including the preparation stage, the transaction stage, and integration stage. And the integration was divided into three sub-stages including early stage, middle stage and late stage of integration. The different expressions of Intercultural Absorptive Capacity were considered as the consequence of different goals in the different stages. First, we extracted the feature key from the valid pieces of data, coded them and labeled them with knowledge transferring pr

关 键 词：吸收能力 文化整合 跨国并购 知识转移 案例研究 

分 类 号：G311[文化科学]