关系专用性投资、机会主义效应与治理机制——基于生命周期视角的适用性研究  

Relationship-specific Investment,Opportunism and the Moderating Effect of Governance Mechanisms:Study on the Applicability from the Perspective of Relationship Life Cycle

作　　者：余海晴[1] 俞兆渊 YU Hai-qing;YU Zhao-yuan(School of Management,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin,130022,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学管理学院,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《经济管理》2019年第5期38-54,共17页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目"复杂合作情境下关系专用性投资治理机制的作用及适用性研究"(71402063);教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"关系专用性投资的发生与效应及动态耦合机理模型研究"(14YJC630177);中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目"关系专用性投资的发生;效应及治理机制:一个整合框架"(2016T90263)

摘　　要：为抑制关系专用性投资的机会主义效应,现有研究提出了多种治理机制,但对不同合作情境下治理机制的适用性问题关注较少。因此,本文从直接作用和调节作用的双重视角,剖析三种治理机制对机会主义效应的抑制作用,并基于关系生命周期的视角,探究不同合作阶段下不同治理机制的适用性。以东北三省地区的高技术企业为样本,运用层次回归分析法对相关假设进行检验,研究结果表明:关系专用性投资对机会主义效应具有显著的正向影响;明确型合同、关系型规范和双边关系专用性投资三种治理机制不仅会直接抑制机会主义效应,还会调节关系专用性投资对机会主义效应的影响;在不同合作阶段,三种治理机制的有效性不同,在合作的探索和建立阶段,双边关系专用性投资对机会主义效应的治理作用最显著;在合作的成熟阶段,关系型规范的治理作用最显著;在合作的衰退阶段,明确型合同的治理作用最显著。In the era of the twenty first century,the rapidly development of information technology causes information explosion,which affects the ways an organization runs its business.Organizations tend to cooperate with others to improve their operation efficiency.Cooperative innovation,as one kind of business activities,is a mission of all associated enterprise participators devote and integrate respective resources for a common goal.The resources from participators are the fundamentals of the cooperative innovation.Among these resources,Relationship Specific Investment(RSI)is a primary one.RSI refers to tangible or intangible investments that are undertaken to support specific transactions.When the partners changed or the cooperative partnership terminated,the value of the investments would plunge or even be worthless.As a special type of resource,RSI is crucial for the success of cooperative project.This paper takes relationship-specific investment as research target,analyzes the effect of relationship-specific investment on cooperator's opportunism first,and then probes the inhibited effect which three governance mechanisms including explicit contracts,relational norms and cooperator's relationship-specific investment have to relationship-specific investment's opportunism effect,and ultimately,explores the three governance mechanisms'applicability from the prospective of relationship life cycle.We test the hypothesizes using hierarchical regression analysis based on the data of high-tech enterprises in the northeastern three provinces.The result shows:(1)relationship-specific investment has a positive effect on cooperator's opportunism;(2)the three governance mechanisms which are explicit contracts,relational norms and cooperator's relationship-specific investment not only inhibit cooperator's opportunism directly,but also weaken the effect of relationship-specific investment on cooperator's opportunism;(3)the efficacy of governance mechanisms are distinct in different stages of cooperation:in the exploration and bui

关 键 词：关系专用性投资 机会主义 明确型合同 关系型规范 双边关系专用性投资 关系生命周期 

分 类 号：C931[经济管理—管理学]