基于生物力学相容性的微创手术钳优化设计  

The Optimal Design of Minimally Invasive Surgical Forceps Based on Biomechanical Compatibility

作　　者：赵爽[1,2] 苗玉彬[1] 罗云[1] ZHAO Shuang;MIAO Yubin;LUO Yun(School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240 [2]上海电机学院机械学院,上海201306

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第2期290-295,300,共7页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51075263)

摘　　要：针对微创手术钳因生物力学相容性差导致过度夹持的现象,建立了传统微创手术钳头的力学模型,并利用解析方法构建了手术钳的手柄握持力与钳口夹持力的特性关系。基于渐开线特征,提出并设计了具有渐开线形导向槽的新型手术钳头,分析了其夹持力的输出响应。利用NiTi记忆合金的超弹性特征,设计了具有特殊应力松弛特性的恒力控制单元,并对改进后的新型微创手术钳头进行有限元数值仿真和试验验证。结果表明,钳口夹持力与握持拉力成线性正比关系,并且当握持力进入饱和范围时,夹持力出现应力饱和响应,实现了对人体组织的夹持保护。研究结果使得微创手术钳在夹持不同特性的组织时均可保证夹持力不超出安全值,这对提高微创手术器械的生物力学相容性以及微创外科安全性具有临床实践意义。The lack of biomechanical compatibility of minimally invasive surgical forceps is prone to excessive clamping.The mechanical model of the clamp claw of traditional minimally invasive surgery was established,as well as the relationship between the gripping force on the handle and the clamping force on the jaw with the analytic method.Based on the characteristics of involute,a new structure of surgical forceps with an involute guide groove was proposed and designed,and the output response of its clamping force was analyzed.Besides,a constant force control unit with special stress creep characteristics was designed based on the super elasticity of NiTi memory alloy,and the finite element numerical simulation and experimental verification of the improved minimally invasive surgical forceps head were carried out.The results show that the clamping force of the jaw is linearly proportional to the holding force.When the gripping force reached the saturation range,the clamping force presents stress saturation response so that the clamping protection realizes.The study ensures that the clamping force does not exceed the safety value when clamping the different organizations in the minimally invasive surgery,which has clinical practical significance to improve the compatibility and safety of minimally invasive surgery.

关 键 词：微创手术钳 生物力学相容性 NITI记忆合金 超弹性 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]