2007-2018年黄渤海海冰气候特征及其对气象因子的响应  

Climatic characteristics of sea ice extent and its response to meteorological factors in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea during 2007-2018

作　　者：刘成[1] 曹祥村[2] 尹朝晖[3] 耿殿鹏 LIU Cheng;CAO Xiang-cun;YIN Zhao-hui;GENG Dian-peng(The 4 unit of the 91913 PLA, Dalian 116041, China;The 35 unit of the 91550 PLA, Dalian 116023, China;TheNational Marine Environment Forecast Center, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军91913部队4分队 [2]中国人民解放军91550部队35分队 [3]国家海洋环境预报中心

出　　处：《海洋通报》2019年第2期173-178,共6页Marine Science Bulletin

摘　　要：基于美国国家冰雪数据中心(NSIDC)海冰资料、美国国家环境预报中心(NCEP)再分析格点数据和黄渤海近岸13个气象站点逐日气温数据,通过相关分析和合成分析,研究了2007-2018年黄渤海海冰范围的变化特征,探讨了近12年黄渤海海冰范围对近岸陆地气温、大气环流和局地天气过程的响应。结果表明:(1)黄渤海海冰范围年际振荡明显,近12年呈现先增加后减小的趋势,与同期黄渤海近岸气温呈显著负相关关系;每年1月下旬至2月下旬是一年中海冰范围最大的时期。(2)海冰范围偏大与偏小年份东亚地区500 hPa大气环流形势呈现出近乎相反的分布。(3)东亚阻塞形势的建立是黄渤海海冰范围爆发性增大的一个前兆信号,它带来的大风降温天气是造成黄渤海海冰范围爆发性增大的重要原因。Basing on sea ice data of the America National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), reanalysis grid data of the Na tional Environmental Prediction Center (NCEP) and meteorological data of 13 stations near the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea, the variation characteristics of the sea ice in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea during 2007-2018 are studied. The response of the sea ice extent to the atmospheric circulation, the local weather process and the coastal temperature in the last 12 years is discussed with correlation and synthesis analysis. The results are as follow:(1) The interannual oscillation of the sea ice ex tent in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea is obvious, it increased at first and then reduced, and had a significant negative cor relation with the near shore temperature of the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea in the last 12 years. Sea ice reached its maxi mum extent in late January or early February.(2) The 500 hPa atmospheric circulation in the East Asia is almost the opposite between years of larger and minor sea ice extent.(3) The formation of the East Asia Blocking Situation is a precursory signal for the prediction of the explosive enlargement in the sea ice extent. It will lead to northerly gale and local cooling which is the main reason of the explosive enlargement of sea ice extent.

关 键 词：NSIDC海冰资料 海冰范围 年际变化 合成分析 阻塞形势 

分 类 号：P731.15[天文地球—海洋科学] P732.6