中国农业生产土地成本的演变趋势及影响分析  

An Analysis of the Evolution of Land Cost of Agricultural Production in China and Its Impact

作　　者：刘余[1] 卢华 周应恒 LIU Yu;LU Hua;ZHOU Ying-heng(Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095;Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江西财经大学生态文明研究院,江西南昌330013 [3]江西财经大学经济学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《江西财经大学学报》2019年第2期48-61,共14页Journal of Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目"新时期农业发展的农业政策支持体系研究"(71333008);清华农村研究博士论文奖学金项目"土地要素价格与农业适度规模经营路径研究"

摘　　要：在日益开放的市场格局下,中国农业无论是内部结构还是外部环境都发生了根本性的变化,发展农业适度规模经营成为当下重心。随着以土地流转为主要方式的农业规模化的推进,我国土地成本不断显现,2016年江苏土地成本上涨至557.5元/亩,土地流转价格高达791.1元/亩,而与我国资源禀赋类似的日本的稻、麦种植户土地成本水平却呈现出下降趋势。进一步的实证结果表明,土地成本对小麦种植技术效率水平存在倒"U"型影响,当土地总成本超过477.71元/亩或是小麦当季土地成本超过225.57元/亩时,土地成本进一步上升将损害小麦产业的竞争力。未来,我国政府可探索通过多种形式实现适度规模经营、建立土地流转履约保险制度来促进适度规模经营可持续发展。In the increasingly open market pattern, great changes have been taken place both in the internal structure and in the external structure of Chinese agriculture. Thus, to develop moderate scale agriculture has become the focus at present. With the promotion of the moderate scale operation in the principal way of land transfer, the land cost problem is appearing. In 2016, land cost in Jiangsu Province rose to 557.5 yuan/mu and land transfer price rose to 791.1 yuan/mu, while the level of land cost of Japan's rice and wheat farmer households that has the similar resource endowment is presenting a decreasing trend. Further empirical results show that the land cost has an inverted "U" shape effect on the efficiency of wheat planting technology. When the total cost of land exceeds 477.71 yuan/mu or the seasonal wheat land cost is more than 225.57 yuan/mu, the increasing land cost will further damage the competitiveness of the wheat industry. In the future, the Chinese government may explore various ways to realize the moderate scale operation and establish land transfer compliance insurance system to promote the sustainable development of moderate scale operation.

关 键 词：适度规模经营 土地成本 土地流转价格 供给侧改革 技术效率 

分 类 号：F301.3[经济管理—产业经济]