线虫寄生对柞蚕幼虫生长发育和营养物质代谢的影响  

Effect of Nematode Parasitization on Development and Nutrient Metabolism of Antheraea pernyi Larvae

作　　者：贾姝[1] 宋策[1] 赫英姿[1] 刘孝良[1] 于庭洪[1] 赵翀[1] 左玲玲[1] Jia Shu;Song Ce;He Yingzi;Liu Xiaoliang;Yu Tinghong;Zhao Chong;Zuo Lingling(Sericultural Research Institute of Liaoning Province,Fengcheng Liaoning 118100,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省蚕业科学研究所,辽宁凤城118100

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2019年第1期81-87,共7页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-18)

摘　　要：研究寄生线虫对柞蚕幼虫生长发育和营养物质代谢的影响,可以从生理生化角度揭示柞蚕寄生线虫的致病机制,明确线虫在柞蚕体内完成寄生生活史的生理生化调控机制。检测柞蚕5龄幼虫被线虫寄生后其生长发育速度、血淋巴营养物质含量和中肠蛋白酶活性,结果表明,柞蚕幼虫被线虫寄生6～11 d,其摄食量和体质量变化不明显,血淋巴总糖、海藻糖含量短暂性升高,随后便急剧下降,血淋巴蛋白质含量和酯酶活性升高,甘油酯含量降低,中肠蛋白酶活性极显著低于对照组;被寄生12～15 d,柞蚕摄食量升高、体质量增加,中肠蛋白酶活性升高,而血淋巴中总糖含量、海藻糖含量、海藻糖酶活性、甘油酯含量极显著低于对照组,说明此时是线虫迅速生长的时期,蚕体营养物质被线虫大量消耗;被寄生15 d后摄食量急剧下降,血淋巴中能源物质含量极显著降低,中肠蛋白酶活性极显著低于对照组。线虫寄生柞蚕幼虫后与寄主形成营养竞争关系,造成蚕体营养物质严重缺乏、消化能力减弱、生长发育迟缓。研究结果可为揭示线虫对柞蚕的致病机制以及利用索科线虫进行农林害虫的生物防治提供参考。Studying the effect of nematode parasitization on development and nutrient metabolism of Antheraea pernyi larvae can uncover the infection mechanism of nematode,and elucidate the physiological and biochemical control mechanism of nematode parasitized in tussah silkworm.By determing the growth rate,nutritional substances content in hemolymph,and protease activity in midgut of A.penyi larvae of the 5 th instar parasitized by nematode,it was found that food intake and body weight of A.penyi larvae after parasitization for 6 to 11 days had no distinct changes,while total sugar and trehalose contents in hemolymph increased briefly and then decreased sharply.The protein content and esterase activity increased and the glyceride content decreased.The activity of midgut protease was significantly lower than that of control group.After parasitization for 12 to 15 days,food intake,body weight and activity of midgut protease of A.penyi larvae increased,while the total sugar content,trehalose content,trehalase activity and glyceride content in hemolymph were extremely significantly lower than that of the control group.The result indicated that it was the period of rapid growth of nematodes when the nutritional substances of A.penyi were consumed by nematodes.The food intake of larvae was decreased sharply after 15 days,the content of nutritional substances in hemolymph reduced drastically and the activity of midgut protease was extremely significantly lower than that of the control group.After nematode parasitized tussah silkworm larva,a nutritive competition relationship formed between nematode and its host,which caused serious deficiency of nutrients,digestion weakness,which slowed down the growth and development of tussah silkworm.These results can provide a reference for revealing the pathogenic mechanism of nematode parasitizing tussah silkworm and for studying biological control of agricultural and forestry pests using nematode.

关 键 词：柞蚕 线虫 生长发育 营养物质 中肠蛋白酶 

分 类 号：S885.1[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] S884.61[农业科学—畜牧兽医]