水基聚氨酯构效关系研究(Ⅵ)——表面张力调节  

Structure-activity relationship of waterborne polyurethane: Controllable surface tension

作　　者：张振宇 文嘉婷 范浩军[1] 李成祥 黄军江 ZHANG Zhenyu;WEN Jiating;FAN Haojun;LI Chengxiang;HUANG Junjiang(The Key Laboratory for Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education,Synthetic Leather Research Center,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Zhejiang Dymatic Post Polymer Materials Co. Ltd.,Lishui 323000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部实验室,四川大学合成革研究中心,四川成都610065 [2]浙江德美博士达高分子材料有限公司,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《中国皮革》2019年第4期47-52,共6页China Leather

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目资助(资助号2017YFB0308600)

摘　　要：采用单一变量法,控制R(-NCO/-OH)值、亲水基含量不变,使用不同的二异氨酸酯、二元醇、小分子扩链剂、交联剂作为原料合成水性聚氨酯,并探讨以上因素对水性聚氨酯表面张力的影响。结果表明:脂肪族异氟酸酯在降低乳液表面张力方面要远优于芳香族类异氨酸酯,结构越规整的异氟酸酯合成的乳液表面张力越高;聚瞇型二元醇合成的聚氨酯乳液相比聚酯型二元醇基聚氨酯拥有更低的表面张力,带支链型聚醚或聚酯二元醇比直链型聚醚或聚酯二元醇合成的水基聚氨酯具有更低的表面张力;扩链剂、交联剂及硬段含量也对水性聚氨酯乳液的表面张力有着较大影响,极性组分的增加均会提高乳液的表面张力。The effect of structure factors, such as different diols, diisocyanates, chain extenders, and cross-linking agents as well as hard segment content on the surface tension of waterborne polyurethane ( WPU ) were investigated through single variable control method with constant hydrophilic content and R (-NCO/-OH) value. The results indicate that aliphatic isocyanates are evidently more effective to decrease the surface tension of WPU than that of aromatic isocyanate types, and the isocyanates with regular structure show a higher emulsion surface tension. The influences of different polydiol on surface tension of WPU show the order of polyether diol based WPU < polyester diols based WPU and the branched polyether or polyester diols based WPU <straight chain polyether or polyester polyol WPU. Further study reveals that the different chain extender, crosslinking agent and hard segment content also have effect on the surface tension of polyurethane emulsion, the increase of polar segment will result in a higher surface tension of WPU.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 单因素变量法 构效关系 表面张力 调控 

分 类 号：TS56[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]