破坏圣像运动与八九世纪的东西方政教关系  

The Iconoclasm and the Church-State Relationship between the East and the West in the Christendom in the 8^(th) and 9^(th) Centuries

作　　者：龚伟英[1] Gong Weiying

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学外国语言文化学院

出　　处：《世界历史》2019年第2期31-49,I0003,共20页World History

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划项目"古代晚期地中海区域政教关系研究"(批准文号:GD17CLS02)阶段性成果

摘　　要：公元八九世纪,拜占庭帝国的破坏圣像运动引发了基督教世界的分化和分裂,对东、西方政教关系产生了重大影响。出于各自利益,东、西部教会对帝国当局的破坏圣像政策采取不同的应对策略。东部以君士坦丁堡宗主教为代表的主教团体对皇帝宗教政策予以妥协,西部罗马教会则持反对的立场。东西方关系进一步恶化,促成了罗马教廷与法兰克王国的政治联盟,加速了罗马与拜占庭帝国的分离。东、西部形成了不同的发展模式,东部教会当局服从拜占庭政权,皇权与教权相结合的结构得到巩固;而西部罗马教会则脱离了拜占庭政权的控制,并逐步走向政教二元并立的发展道路。不断激化的教会最高领导权之争为东、西部教会的最后分裂埋下了重要的伏笔。The Byzantine Iconoclasm in the 8^th and 9^th centuries led to the division of the Christian Church and had a great impact on the East-West relations in the Christendom.The Eastern Church and the Western Church took different measures in response to the imperial iconoclastic policy for their respective interests.The Eastern Church led by the Patriarch of Constantinople made a compromise and submitted itself to the Byzantine emperor,strengthening the existent social structure of Caesaropapism,while the Roman Church with its opposition to Iconoclasm formed a political alliance with the Kingdom of the Franks,speeding up its separation from the Byzantine Empire and gradually moving onto the path of dualism between the Church and the State.The East-West relations became worsened,and the intensifying struggle for the supreme power of the Church foreshadowed the final schism between the Eastern Church and the Western Church within the Christendom.

关 键 词：破坏圣像运动 东西方关系 拜占庭帝国 罗马教会 

分 类 号：K13[历史地理—历史学]