种植密度对郑单958叶绿素荧光参数和产量性状的影响  

Effects of Planting Density on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Yield Characters of Zhengdan 958

作　　者：赵玉廷 ZHAO Yu-ting(Limited Company of Anhui Chuangfu Seed Industry,Hefei,Anhui230031)

机构地区：[1]安徽省创富种业有限公司,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2019年第8期31-34,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以郑单958为材料,设置3个种植密度,研究不同密度条件下玉米在拔节期、抽雄期、吐丝期、灌浆期、成熟期5个不同生育期穗位叶叶绿素荧光参数的变化;同时通过对比不同处理之间产量和产量性状的差异,探究适合郑单958高产栽培的种植密度。结果表明,密度对不同生育期叶绿素荧光参数变化趋势影响明显,最低荧光水平在不同处理下整个生育期呈上升趋势;最大荧光水平在全生育期内表现为先上升后下降,吐丝期达到最大值;吐丝期之后光系统Ⅱ的最大光合效率降低;光系统Ⅱ的实际光合效率在3种处理下整体变化趋势相同,最大值都出现在灌浆期,最小值出现在成熟期;随着生育期的推进光化学荧光淬灭系数总体呈先上升后下降的趋势;非光化学荧光淬灭系数总体呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势。当密度增加时,光系统Ⅱ的活性降低,量子产量会降低,光合效率下降。产量性状中穗长、穗粗、百粒重、行粒数随着密度增加表现下降,穗行数基本保持不变,出籽率表现为先上升后降低。郑单958的最高产量是在6.00万株/hm^2密度下获得,产量为9 260.43 kg/hm^2。Taking Zhengdan 958 as material, three planting densities were set up to study the changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of ear leaves in five different growth stages of maize under different densities: jointing stage, heading stage, silking stage, filling stage and maturity stage. Meanwhile, the planting density suitable for Zhengdan 958 high yield cultivation was explored by comparing the differences of yield and yield characters among different treatments.The results showed that the density had a significant effect on the variation trend of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in different growth stages. The lowest fluorescence level showed an upward trend in the whole growth period under different treatments.The maximum fluorescence level showed an upward trend and then a downward trend during the whole growth period, and reached the maximum at silking stage;the maximum photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ decreased after silking stage;the actual photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ was the same under the three treatments, the maximum value appeared in the filling stage, and the minimum appeared in the maturity stage. During the growth period, the photochemical fluorescence quenching coefficient generally increased first and then decreased. The non-photochemical fluorescence quenching coefficient generally increased first, then decreased and then increased.When the density was increased, the activity of photosystem Ⅱ decreased, quantum yield decreased and photosynthetic efficiency decreased.Among yield traits, ear length, ear diameter,100-grain weight and kernels per row decreased with the increase of density, while ear row number remained basically unchanged, and shelling percentage increased first and then decreased. The highest yield of Zhengdan 958 was obtained at 60 thousand plant/hm^2 density, and the yield was 9260.43 kg/hm^2.

关 键 词：密度 叶绿素 荧光 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]