双十八烷基四羟乙基二溴丙二铵的微波合成及其性能研究  

Microwave synthesis and properties of dioctadecyl tetrahydroxyethyl dibromopropane diammonium

作　　者：彭思玉 郑成[1,2] 毛桃嫣 魏渊[1] 宋华峰[1] PENG Siyu;ZHENG Cheng;MAO Taoyan;WEI Yuan;SONG Huafeng(Institute of Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China;Guangzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510550, Guangdong, China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学精细化工研究所,广东广州510006 [2]广州科技职业技术学院,广东广州510550

出　　处：《化工学报》2019年第A01期202-210,共9页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21878058)

摘　　要：以十八烷基二乙醇胺、1,3-二溴丙烷为主要原料,在微波高压条件下进行季铵化反应合成了一种双子表面活性剂双十八烷基四羟乙基二溴丙二铵(DTDD),通过红外光谱(IR)和核磁共振(1HNMR)对DTDD进行了表征,并用液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)测定了其纯度。通过单因素、正交实验得到了微波法合成目标产物的最佳合成条件为:设置微波功率为900W,反应时间8h,反应温度为140℃,产品收率达92%以上。与传统加热法对比,使用微波合成法反应速率大大提高。性能测试结果表明:对比单链季铵盐(OMDAB),目标产物DTDD具有良好的表面性能,其临界胶束浓度为0.087g/L,相应的表面张力γ(CMC)为31.09mN/m。A gemini surfactant called dioctadecyl tetrahydroxyethyl dibromopropane diammonium (DTDD) was synthesized via quaternization reaction under the condition of microwave and high pressure using octadecyl diethanolamine and 1,3-dibromopropane as the main raw materials. The target compound was characterized by IR and 1 H NMR, and its purity was determined by HPLC-ELSD. By analysing the single-factor and orthogonal array design experiments, the optimal synthesis conditions for the synthesis of DTDD by microwave method were determined as follows: microwave power was set to 900W, reaction time was 8h and reaction temperature was 140°C , reaching a yeild of 92%. Compared with the traditional heating method, the reaction rate using microwave synthesis was greatly increased. The critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension, Kraft point, and foam properties of the product and the traditional surfactant octadecylmethyldihydroxyethyl ammonium bromide (OMDAB) were determined. The performance test results showed that compared with OMDAB, the target product had good surface properties with the critical micelle concentration of 0.087 g / L and the corresponding surface tension γ(CMC) of 31.09 mN/m.

关 键 词：多羟基 表面活性剂 高压 微波 界面 合成 

分 类 号：TQ423.99[化学工程]