利用弯曲晶体实现空间带电粒子屏蔽方法及应用初探  

Deflecting space charged particles by bending crystal:mechanism and trial application

作　　者：李衍存[1] 贾晓宇[1] 郝志华[1] 向宏文[1] 秦珊珊[1] 张弘 王颖[1] 盛丽艳[1] LI Yancun;JIA Xiaoyu;HAO Zhihua;XIANG Hongwen;QIN Shanshan;ZHANG Hong;WANG Ying;SHENG Liyan(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器环境工程》2019年第2期176-184,共9页Spacecraft Environment Engineering

摘　　要：文章针对传统辐射屏蔽方法质量利用率低的问题,提出利用弯曲晶体对空间带电粒子进行偏转屏蔽的新方法。该方法利用规则晶体内部连续性势垒对带电粒子的束缚作用,使得被束缚的带电粒子随着晶体弯曲而偏转。采用解析方法深入分析了弯曲晶体对带电粒子偏转机理的4个关键参数:临界角,临界半径,退沟道长度和偏转效率;并从偏转效率的角度对比了硅晶体和碳纳米管2种材料的屏蔽效能,结果显示碳纳米管更具备工程应用前景。建立了适合偏转空间各向同性入射带电粒子的屏蔽材料结构,初步分析了该结构偏转空间不同能量电子和质子所需的屏蔽厚度,结果表明:对电子而言,利用弯曲晶体的屏蔽方法优于传统的能量损失方法。A new method of deflecting the space charged particle by bending crystal is proposed,to improve the mass efficiency of the traditional radiation shielding method.Four key parameters are discussed with regard to the deflecting mechanism of the bent crystal,i.e.,the critical angle,the critical radius,the de-channeling length,and the deflecting efficiency.The calculation results show that the carbon nanotube material enjoys a better engineering value as compared with the silicon crystal.A type structure made of the bent carbon nanotube crystal is established for deflecting the simulated space isotropic charged particles in the Earth's radiation belt.The shielding thickness required for effectively deflecting the electrons and protons of different energies is preliminarily studied.It is concluded that the deflection method can be well targeted to the electrons than the traditional method in the practical sense.

关 键 词：弯曲晶体 空间带电粒子 偏转 硅晶体 碳纳米管 

分 类 号：V520.6[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] TN304.1[电子电信—物理电子学]