重症颅脑损伤病人住院期间近亲属心理调查和全程心理干预分析  

Psychological investigation of close relatives during hospitalization in patients with severe head injury and 90 cases of psychological intervention

作　　者：张瑞芳 牟静[2] ZHANG Ruifang;MOU Jing(Department of Nursing,Harrison International Peace Hospital,Hengshui,Hebei 053000,China;Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Luzhou People’s Hospital,Luzhou,Sichuan 646000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈励逊国际和平医院护理部,河北衡水053000 [2]泸州市人民医院康复医学科,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《安徽医药》2019年第5期991-994,共4页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的调查分析重症颅脑损伤病人住院期间的近亲属心理状况并探讨全程心理干预的作用。方法选取2015年3月至2016年9月入住哈励逊国际和平医院的重症颅脑损伤病人近亲属90例行问卷调查以及心理评定。同时,将该90例采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各45例,对照组不予以任何心理干预措施,观察组则予以全程心理干预。比较两组近亲属的焦虑、抑郁情况、以及自身态度情况、对医务人员的态度情况以及SCL-90评分变化情况。结果观察组的焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分分别为(40.2±4.1)分、(42.3±4.3)分,均低于对照组的(52.3±7.4)分、(60.4±7.5)分,均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组悲伤人数占比为15.56%(7/45),低于对照组的35.56%(16/45),而配合人数占比为6.67%(3/45),高于对照组的24.44%(11/45),均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组对医务人员信任人数占比46.67%(21/45),高于对照组的24.44%(11/45),而敌对人数占比为11.11%(5/45),低于对照组的28.89%(13/45),均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组各项SCL-90评分均低于对照组,均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论重症颅脑损伤病人近亲属存在焦虑、抑郁等负面情绪。对重症颅脑损伤病人近亲属实行全程心理干预可有效缓解焦虑、抑郁情绪,有利于其心理的全面康复,同时提高近亲属的心理应激水平。Objective To investigate and analyze psychological state of close relatives during hospitalization in patients with severe head injury and discuss the effects of psychological intervention.Methods From March 2015 to September 2016,90 cases of close relatives of patients with severe craniocerebral injury admitted to Harrison International Peace Hospital were selected to perform the questionnaire survey and psychological evaluation.At the same time,according to the random digital table,90 cases were divided into observation group and control group,with 45 cases in each group.The control group didn't receive any measures to interfere,while the observation group were given the entire psychological intervention.The situation of anxiety and depression in the two groups of close relatives and their attitude,attitude to the medical personnel and SCL-90 score changes were compared.Results The SAS,SDS score of the observation group respectively was(40.2±4.1),(42.3±4.3)points,which were lower than those of the control group of(52.3±7.4),(60.4±7.5)points,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The sad rate of the observation group was 15.56%(7/45),which was lower than that of the control group of 35.56%(16/45),while the cooperate rate was 6.67%(3/45),which was higher than that of the control group of 24.44%(11/45),the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The number of observation group of the trust to the medical personnel rate was 46.67%(21/45),which was higher than that of control group of 24.44%(11/45),while the number of hostile rate was 11.11%(5/45),which was lower than that of the control group of 28.89%(13/45),the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The SCL-90 score of the ob-servation group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusions Giving the whole psychological intervention to close relatives of patients with severe craniocerebral injury can effectively relieve anxiety and depression,which is c

关 键 词：颅脑损伤 心理护理 住院时间 病人近亲属 心理状况 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]