东北三省棕黑锦蛇(Elaphe schrenckii)与赤峰锦蛇(Elaphe anomala)基于Cyt b基因的序列多态性及遗传多样性  

Sequence Polymorphism and Genetic Diversity of Elaphe schrenckii and Elaphe anomala in Northeast Three Provinces Based on Cyt b Gene

作　　者：苏思博 黄松[2] 董丙君[1] SU Si-bo;HUANG Song;DONG Bing-jun(College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang Liaoning 110034, China;College of Life and Environment Sciences, Huangshan University, Huangshan Anhui 245041, China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]黄山学院生命与环境科学学院,安徽黄山245041

出　　处：《长春师范大学学报》2019年第4期76-86,共11页Journal of Changchun Normal University

摘　　要：棕黑锦蛇和赤峰锦蛇均为分布于我国东北和华北地区体型较大的蛇类物种,在我国东北地区两栖爬行动物学研究和保护中占有重要地位。通过分析来自黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省的棕黑锦蛇和赤峰锦蛇共41个样本(棕黑锦蛇18个样本,赤峰锦蛇23个样本)的线粒体DNA细胞色素b基因部分序列(均为1086 bp),分别研究二者DNA序列多态性和种群遗传多样性。结果在棕黑锦蛇18条序列中共发现3个变异位点,定义4个单倍型,赤峰锦蛇23条序列中共发现3个变异位点,定义3个单倍型,两种锦蛇在不同群体间均存在共享单倍型。两种锦蛇的种群整体呈现较低的遗传多样性,但棕黑锦蛇略高于赤峰锦蛇;基于Cyt b基因序列的系统发育树将二者分为两大支系。遗传分化指数F_(ST)值和基因流Nm值表明个别种群间存在不同程度的遗传分化。遗传距离GD值较小,表明种群间的遗传变异较小。分子方差分析显示,棕黑锦蛇和赤峰锦蛇的种群变异主要来自种群间。中性检验分析和岐点分布分析显示,棕黑锦蛇与赤峰锦蛇种群的大小相对稳定,近期内均未发生过明显的种群扩张。Elaphe schrenckii (Strauch, 1873) and Elaphe anomala (Boulenger, 1916) are classified into the family Colubridae, which are mainly distributed in Northeast China and North China, body size relatively larger compared to other snakes in their occurring region. Both E. schrenckii and E. anomala harbor abundant and important natural genetic resourses of reptiles in Northeastern China and play important roles in the research and protection of amphibians and reptiles. We collected 41 individuals ( 18 for E. schrenckii and 23 for E. anomala) of E. schrenckii and E. anomala from Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province and Liaoning Province to investigate the sequence polymorphism and genetic diversity of this two species. Mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b ( Cyt b) sequences ( 1086 bp) were targeted and 3 substitutions were detected across the 18 E. schrenckii individuals sampled (3 for 23 E. anomala individuals). These dedected mutations together revealed 4 haplotypes for E. schrenckii and 3 for E. anomala, different haplotypes are shared among different populations. The overall populations of the two Elaphe species showed lower genetic diversity respectively, but E. schrenckii was slighdy higher than E. anomala. Bayesian phylogenetic tree based on the Cyt b gene was divided into two branches. In addition, the genetic differentiation index (FST) and gene flow (TVm) indicated that there were different degrees of genetic differentiation among individual populations. The lower genetic distance value (GD) indicated that the genetic variation among populations is small. The molecular variance analysis (AMOVA) showed that overall population divergent variation of E. schrenckii and E. anomala was occurred within populations. The neutral test analysis and mismatch distribution analysis suggested that the size of the population of the E. schrenckii and E. anomala was relatively stable, no large 一 scale expansion was detected.

关 键 词：单倍型 群体遗传学 种群大小 种群历史 中性检验 

分 类 号：Q959.53[生物学—动物学]