高盐对凡纳滨对虾仔虾生长、渗透调节及免疫相关酶活性的影响  

Effects of high-salt stress on daily weight gain, osmoregulation and immune related enzyme activities in Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae

作　　者：赵玉超[1] 王仁杰[1] 沈敏[1] 崔彦婷 王淑生 李玉全[1] 付瑞江 张绍龙 ZHAO Yuchao;WANG Renjie;SHEN Min;CUI Yanting;WANG Shusheng;LI Yuquan;FU Ruijiang;ZHANG Shaolong(Marine Science and Engineering College,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Binzhou Fisheries Technology Extension Station,Binzhou 256616,China;Hai Yuan Breeding Technology Co.,Ltd.,Binzhou 256619,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学海洋科学与工程学院,山东青岛266109 [2]滨州市渔业技术推广站,山东滨州256616 [3]滨州市北海新区海缘养殖科技有限公司,山东滨州256619

出　　处：《水产学报》2019年第4期833-840,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31101916);山东省现代农业产业技术体系虾蟹类创新团队项目(SDAIT-15-011);山东省海洋与渔业科技创新计划(2017YY20);青岛农业大学研究生创新计划(QYC201725)~~

摘　　要：为探讨高盐条件下凡纳滨对虾仔虾的耐盐性和免疫响应,进行了为期30 d的生长实验。实验设置4个盐度梯度(40、50、60、65),以盐度30为对照,称量实验起始和结束时仔虾的体质量,计算平均日增重,实验结束时检测体内总ATPase、Na^+-K^+-ATPase、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和溶菌酶(LZM)、丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果显示,高盐能显著抑制凡纳滨对虾仔虾的日增重,盐度40、50、60、65平均日增重分别为对照组的84.53%、60.99%、46.19%、27.71%;存活率随盐度升高而显著降低。随着盐度的升高,仔虾体内Na^+-K^+-ATPase活性缓慢升高,盐度60后趋于稳定。总ATPase活性表现出先小幅下降后稳定的趋势,最终维持在1.4 U/mg prot左右。T-SOD和CAT活性随盐度升高均呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,盐度50时达到峰值;ACP和AKP活性随盐度升高呈上升趋势,不同盐度间差异显著。此外,盐度显著影响凡纳滨对虾仔虾的MDA含量,对LZM含量无显著影响。研究表明,盐度越高,仔虾生长越缓慢,用于渗透调节的能量增加。在一定的盐度范围内,高盐能激发仔虾机体部分非特异性免疫酶活性以适应高盐胁迫。In order to investigate salt tolerance and immune response under high-salt stress in postlarvae of Litopenaeus vannamei,a 30-day feeding trial was conducted with different high-salt stress(40,50,60,65 and 30 as CK).Body weight were detected at the start and end of the trial to get average daily gain,and the activities of T-ATPase,Na^+-K^+-ATPase,ACP,AKP,SOD,CAT,LZM and MDA were detected at the end of the trial.The results showed that high-salt stress significantly inhibited average daily gain of postlarvae.The average daily gain showed decreasing trend with the increase of salinity,those of salinity 40,50,60,65 were 84.53%,60.99%,46.19%and 27.71%compared with 30,respectively;Survival rate decreased significantly as salinity increased.The T-ATPase activity of postlarvae showed a tendency to decrease first and then stabilize at about 1.4 U/mg prot with salinity increasing.However,the change trend of Na^+-K^+-ATPase activity was opposite to T-ATPase activity.When salinity was 60 and 65,the activity of Na^+-K^+-ATPase was stable.In addition,high-salt stress also significantly affected the activities of non-specific immunity enzymes of L.vannamei postlarvae.With the increase of salinity,the enzymes activities of T-SOD and CAT had the same trend,rising first and decreasing then.Their highest values,16.118 U/mg prot and 1.378 U/mg prot respectively,were detected at the salinity of 50.The changes of ACP and AKP activities were positively correlated with salinity.Under different salt stress treatments,the content of MDA changed significantly,and LZM content did not significantly change at all salinity levels.The result indicated that the higher salinity,the slower the growth rate and the increase of the energy for osmotic regulation of L.vannamei postlarvae.In a certain salinity range,high-salt stress can stimulate some non-specific immunity enzymes to cope with the salt stress environment and reduce the damage to the body.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 仔虾 高盐胁迫 渗透调节 酶活性 

分 类 号：Q55[生物学—生物化学] S968.22[农业科学—水产养殖]