高龄老年人心理健康状况及影响因素  

Mental health status and its influencing factors of the elderly

作　　者：王进松 刘晓君[1] 侯宜坦 何美坤 吴玉攀 谭安然 张芳婕 毛宗福[1] WANG Jin-song;LIU Xiao-jun;HOU Yi-tan;HE Mei-kun;WU Yu-pan;TAN An-ran;ZHANG Fang-jie;MAO Zong-fu(Global Health Inslitiite,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学全球健康研究中心,武汉430071

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2019年第3期308-312,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：武汉大学"双一流"建设引导专项(2018)~~

摘　　要：目的了解高龄老年人的心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法于2018年1月～3月,采用症状自评量表(symptom check list 90,SCL-90)对我国60岁及以上老年人进行方便抽样调查,本研究抽取80岁及以上老年人作为研究对象,应用χ~2检验和二元Logistic回归模型分析其心理健康的影响因素。结果高龄老年人共485例,SCL-90总体阳性检出率为20.21%。检出率最高的四个因子分别是躯体化(39.38%)、其他(反映睡眠及饮食等情况)(25.15%)、强迫症(24.33%)和抑郁(22.68%)。体质指数(body mass index, BMI)正常(OR=0.537, 95%CI:0.250～0.857,P=0.027)和居住在县城城关区的高龄老人(OR=0.224, 95%CI:0.075～0.667,P=0.007)总体阳性检出率较低;受教育1～5年(OR=11.092,95%CI:4.446～27.671,P<0.001)、6～8年(OR=9.800,95%CI:3.464～27.721,P<0.001)、9～11年(OR=19.279, 95%CI:6.722～55.297,P<0.001)、12年及以上(OR=24.321, 95%CI:7.894～74.929,P<0.001)者较未受教育者总体阳性检出率高;家庭经济状况自评越富裕的高龄老年人阳性检出率越低(OR<1)。结论高龄老年人的心理健康主要受居住地、受教育年限、家庭经济状况自评、BMI的影响。Objective To assess the current status and factors associated with the mental health condition of older adults.Methods A convenience sampling survey was conducted using symptom check list 90(SCL-90)among the Chinese older adults aged 60 or above from January to March,2018.The older adults aged 80 or above were selected for this study.Chi-square test and binary logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results The total participants were 485.The SCL-90 positive detection rate was 20.21%.The symptoms of the four highest detection rates were somatization(39.38%),others(25.15%),obsessive-compulsive symptoms(24.33%)and depression(22.68%).The older adults with normal BMI(OR=0.537,95% CI:0.250-0.857,P=0.027)and lived in county town(OR=0.224,95% CI:0.075-0.667,P=0.007)showed lower SCL-90 positive detection rate.These who had been educated for 1-5 years(OR=11.092,95% CI:4.446-27.671,P<0.001),6-8 years(OR=9.800,95% CI:3.464-27.721,P<0.001),9~11 years(OR=19.279,95% CI:6.722-55.297,P<0.001),12 years and above(OR=24.321,95% CI:7.894-74.929,P<0.001)had higher SCL-90 positive detection rate compared with those who were uneducated.Conclusion The mental health condition of Chinese older adults is mainly influenced by residence place,education level,family income self-evaluation and BMI status.

关 键 词：心理健康 高龄老年人 检出率 SCL-90 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]