采动条件下断层构造的变形特征实测与分析  

Monitoring and analysis of deformation characteristics of fault structure under mining condition

作　　者：张平松[1] 鲁海峰[1] 韩必武[2] 孙斌杨 李圣林[1] ZHANG Pingsong;LU Haifeng;HAN Biwu;SUN Binyang;LI Shenglin(School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, An hui 232001, China;Huainan Mining Group, Huainan, Anhui 232001, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]淮南矿业集团,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2019年第2期351-356,共6页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：安徽省高等学校自然科学研究重大项目(KJ2016SD17);安徽省学术技术带头人项目(gxbjZD2016048)

摘　　要：采场围岩中断层构造的活化效应一直是矿井防治水工作的重点研究内容。文章结合淮南某矿工作面地质条件,采用分布式光纤传感测试技术,在井下布设钻孔测试系统,对FS2断层进行岩层变形实时监测,获得了测试空间岩体的应变连续观测数据。数据处理结果表明:当工作面推进距离断层40 m左右时,断层开始活化;当工作面距离断层20～30 m时,断层活化效应明显增强。同时利用FLAC^(3D)数值模拟方法,对断层受力变形破坏进行模拟验证,两者结果具有良好的一致性。分析认为:采动引起的断层构造面附近岩层的应变变化特征显著,进一步证明了断层存在采动诱导活化的可能性;且光纤传感测试技术所提供的数据信息量大、精度高,可为矿井评价断层危险性及断层活化导致的冲击地压和矿井突水判断提供依据。The activation effect of the fault structure in the surrounding rock of stope has always been the key researching content of water prevention in the mines. Based on the geological conditions of a mining face in Huainan, the continuous observation data of rock mass strain in test space is gained by adopting distributed optical fiber sensing technology, laying the testing system in the drilling hole, and conducting the real-time monitoring for rock stratum deformation around the fault of FS2. The data processing results have indicated that the fault activation effect begins when the distance is about 40 m from the working face, and the effect enhances obviously when the distance is 20 to 30 m. At the same time, the FLAC3 D numerical simulation method is used to verify the deformation and fracture. And both of the results have good consistency. The analysis shows that the strain mutative characteristics of strata near the structural plane of the fault caused by the mining are remarkable, and it proves further the possibility of fault-induced activation. And the optical fiber sensing technology can provide a large amount of data with high precision, which can be served as references for the study of the fault dangerousness evaluating in mine, the rock burst caused by fault activation, and judgement of water inrush in mines.

关 键 词：断层构造 变形特征 分布式光纤传感 断层活化 

分 类 号：TD745[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]