黄土滑坡活动的时间分布规律研究  

Study on Time Distributed Law of Loess Landslide Activities in China

作　　者：宾岚 

机构地区：[1]广州市地质调查院,广东广州510440

出　　处：《绿色科技》2019年第6期178-182,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41501046)

摘　　要：统计分析了大量黄土滑坡活动的特征,结果表明:黄土滑坡活动的时间分布规律主要受降水变化、地震活动和人类工程活动的制约,滑坡活动呈现出与地震活动及暴雨过程的同发性和滞后性、日内活动的夜发性、继承老滑坡群活动的重复性与滑坡活动的突发性及隐蔽性等特征。从黄土滑坡的形成时代看,黄土滑坡的时间分布与第四纪地质时期相对应;从区域性滑坡活动的时间分布规律看,具有明显的不稳定周期性和随机性;从黄土滑坡年内活动的时间分布规律看,具有明显的季节集中性,呈单峰和双峰分布曲线,对单峰型活动的黄土滑坡分布区,滑坡集中在每年的6～9月雨季,对双峰型活动的黄土滑坡分布区,滑坡集中在每年的7～9月和2～4月,前者受降雨特征控制,后者主要是春季冰雪消融,冻融作用强烈造成;从日内发生的时间看,以夜间发生的居多,使得黄土滑坡的突发性强,隐蔽性程度高,灾难性事件频发;从黄土滑坡活动近年的发展趋势看,人类工程活动造成的黄土滑坡明显呈上升趋势,其时间分布规律呈现出强烈的随机性。The result from statistical analysis for a large amount of loess landslide has shown that the time distribution law of loess landslide is mainly restricted by the changes in precipitation, seism activities and engineering. Landslide activities take on some properties which are simultaneity and hysteresis withrainstorm and seism, night occurrence within a day, repeatability succeeding to the old landslide activities, sudden happening and concealment of landslide. According to the formation time of loess landslide, time distribution of loess landside is corresponding to Quaternarygeologic time. From time distribution of regional landslide activities, it has obvious features of unstable periodicity and randomicity. In the light of time distribution of annual loess landslide activities, it has distinct concentration in season. The time distribution curve takes on single and double peak. Occurrence of landslides for the distributed area of loess landslide with type of single peak basically is happened in the raining season, from June to September every year. The type with double peck of it is mainly happened from July to September and from February to April. The former case is controlled by rainfall and the latter case is affected by both of ice or snow ablation and intense freezing-thawing. As for the occurrence time within a day, the night occurrence is in a majority. It is leading to loess landslide with intense unexpected and high concealment. As a result, catastrophic eventfrequentlyoccurs due to landslide. In accordance with the trend of loess landslide in recent years, loess landslide caused by engineering activities will take on ascendant tendency with a disorder time distributed law.

关 键 词：黄土滑坡活动 时间分布规律 降水 地震活动 人类工程活动 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]