发动机缓速器经发动机冷却系统散热比例的计算方法  

Calculation Method of the Proportion of Heat Dissipated Through Engine Cooling System for Engine Retarder

作　　者：闫晟煜[1] 肖润谋[1] 赵峻 王聪 Yan Shengyu;Xiao Runmou;Zhao Jun;Wang Cong(School of Automobile,Chang an University,Xi'an 710064;Shanxi Automobile Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043)

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,西安710064 [2]陕西汽车集团有限责任公司,西安710043

出　　处：《汽车工程》2019年第4期381-387,共7页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：校企合作项目(220022150385);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(300102229110);国家自然科学基金(21607014)资助

摘　　要：为合理分配有限的发动机冷却系统散热功率,建立了发动机缓速器的热平衡计算模型,提出了发动机缓速器通过冷却系统散热功率的测试方法,对比了发动机驱动车辆行驶和车辆滑行制动两种状态下的功率平衡。通过场地试验确定了滚动阻力系数和空气阻力系数,从而获得了发动机缓速器的制动力特性。通过在G312国道和G5高速公路上的道路试验,验证了热平衡计算模型的有效性。结果表明:采用的散热比例模型可简化运算过程;冷却系统是发动机缓速器散热的主要途径,发动机缓速器通过冷却系统散热的功率比例与变速器传动比、散热器出入水口温差值、车速和整车制动力密切相关。In order to reasonably assign the limited heat dissipated power of the engine cooling system,a thermal balance calculation model of engine retarder is built,a measuring method for the heat dissipation power of engine retarder through cooling system is proposed,and the power balances in two different states(engine driving vehicle running and vehicle coasting with engine retarder braking)are compared.The rolling resistance coefficient and aerodynamic resistance coefficient are determined by field test and hence the braking force characteristics of engine retarder is obtained.Through the road tests on G312 national road and G5 highway,the effectiveness of the heat balance calculation model is validated.The results show that the thermal balance model adopted can simply calculation procedure,and the main channel of heat dissipation of engine retarder is engine cooling system,whose power proportion of heat dissipation for engine retarder is closely related to the gear ratio of transmission,the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of radiator,vehicle speed and braking force.

关 键 词：重型货车 长下坡 发动机缓速器 热平衡 

分 类 号：U464.138[机械工程—车辆工程]