重庆烟区烤烟生态环境的主成分分析  

Principal component analysis of ecological environment for flue cured-tobacco in Chongqing tobacco growing area

作　　者：范瑞兆 邱坤 路晓崇[3] 陈益银[4] 杨红柯 王红锋[4] 李钠钾[4] 付小红[4] 秦平伟[4] 杨超[4] FAN Ruizhao;QIU Kun;LU Xiaochong;CHEN Yiyin;YANG Hongke;WANG Hongfeng;LI Najia;FU Xiaohong;QIN Pingwei;YANG Chao(The University of Sheffield,Western Bank Sheffield S102TN,The United Kingdom;Qiandongnan Branch Company of Guizhou Tobacco Company,Kaili 556000,China;College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Chongqing Company of China National Tobacco Company,Chongqing 400023,China;Pengshui Branch Companies of Chongqing Tobacco Company,Pengshui 409600,China)

机构地区：[1]谢菲尔德大学 [2]贵州烟草公司黔东南州公司,贵州凯里556000 [3]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [4]中国烟草总公司重庆市公司,重庆400023 [5]重庆市烟草公司彭水县分公司,重庆彭水409600

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2019年第2期180-186,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：中国烟草总公司重庆市公司资助项目(NY20180601070002)

摘　　要：为了解烤烟中部叶与上部叶生育期内的生态环境差异,进一步推进烟草精益生产,对重庆烟区烤烟中部叶生长过程中的降雨、气温、光照、相对湿度的生态条件进行监测,并对重庆烟区不同部位成熟采收的烤烟外观特征进行分析。结果表明:1)中部叶叶片中部的支脉与主脉的夹角明显大于上部叶,中部叶除叶基部与叶中部小部分区域为欠熟或尚熟外,大部分区域表现为成熟;而中部叶大部分区域则表现为欠熟到尚熟,且叶尖与叶边缘的成熟要显著高于叶中与叶基部。2)中部叶与上部叶生育期的最高气温、最低气温均大体表现为先增加后降低的趋势,而中部叶的昼夜温差为"厂"型变化,上部叶生育期昼夜温差的变化为逆"厂"型变化。3)中部叶的光照度在叶龄20 d之前保持在较低水平,在叶龄20 d之后保持在较高水平,而上部叶的光照度在叶龄10 d之前保持在较低水平,在10～62 d保持在较高水平,中部叶与上部叶的相对湿度差异不明显; 4)中部叶生育期内的降雨量表现为前期多雨、中期与后期少雨的规律,而上部叶则表现为前期多雨、中期少雨、后期多雨的规律; 5)影响烤烟生长的生态环境因子的表现为气温因子>光照因子>水分因子。由于不同部位烟叶的生态环境差异主要发生在生育期的两端,因此可采取相应的技术手段提高烟叶质量。In order to understand the ecological environment difference between the middle and upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco,and to promote the production of fine tobacco.The ecological conditions of rainfall,temperature,light and relative humidity during the growth of central flue-cured tobacco were monitored,and the appearance characteristics of flue-cured tobacco in different parts were analyzed.The results showed that 1) The angle between the branch and the main vein in the middle leaf is obviously larger than that in the upper leaf.The middle leaf is matured in most areas except the basal part and the middle part of the leaf basal;2) The highest and lowest temperatures in the middle and upper leaves of the middle leaves generally showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,while the temperature difference between day and night in the middle leaves followed the changing pattern of “rising first and then leveling off” type change,and the change of day and night temperature difference in the upper leaf growth period was reversed;3) The light intensity of the middle leaves remained at a low level before the leaf age of 20 days,and remained at a higher level after the leaf age of 20 days.The light intensity of the upper leaves remained at a lower level before the leaf age of 10 days.Maintaining at a high level at 10~62 days,the difference in relative humidity between the middle and upper leaves is not obvious;4) The rainfall during the growth period of the middle leaves is characterized by the regular pattern of more rainfall in the early stage and less rainfall in the middle and late stage,while that of the upper leaves are characterized by the regular pattern of more rainfall in the early stage,less rainfall in the middle stage,and more rainfall in the late stage;5) The environmental factors affecting the growth of flue-cured tobacco are air temperature factor > illumination factor > water factor.Since the ecological environment difference of tobacco leaves in different parts mainly occurs at the two e

关 键 词：烤烟 部位 生态环境 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]