利用全封闭式防虫网阻隔小菜蛾在青菜田发生效果研究  

Effects of nylon net as shield against diamond-back moth in greengrocery sunlight greenhouse

作　　者：常晓丽[1] 袁永达[1] 张天澍[1] 滕海媛[1] 常文程 徐佳[3] 王冬生[1] CHANG Xiao-li;YUAN Yong-da;ZHANG Tian-shu;TENG Hai-yuan;CHANG Wen-cheng;XU Jia;WANG Dong-sheng(ShanghaiEngineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai AgriculturalTechnology Extension and Service Center,Shanghai 201103,China;Shanghai Pudong New DistrictAgro-Technology Extension Center,Shanghai 201201,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心,上海201403 [2]上海市农业技术推广服务中心,上海201103 [3]上海市浦东新区农业技术推广中心,上海201201

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2019年第2期48-51,共4页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：国家重点研发计划支持项目(2016YFD0201000);上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划[农科创2017(A-03)];"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD19B06)

摘　　要：为了验证尼龙防虫网对小菜蛾的阻隔作用,设置全封闭式防虫网大棚、半封闭式防虫网大棚和用药棚3种处理,对2017年上半年和下半年种植的两茬青菜分别进行3次调查。结果表明:防虫网全封闭的大棚,青菜上的小菜蛾幼虫种群数(<0. 08头/株)和小菜蛾对青菜的为害率(<3. 11%)均显著小于半封闭式防虫网大棚(> 0. 13头/株;> 8. 89%)。半封闭式防虫网大棚青菜产量(<8 599. 95 kg/hm^2)显著低于其他2种处理棚的产量(> 16 225. 05 kg/hm^2)。与用药棚相比,全封闭式防虫网大棚不仅青菜产量比用药棚略增加,而且每茬青菜可减少农药制剂使用量> 3 000 g/hm^2。综上,全封闭式防虫网塑料大棚对小菜蛾具有非常好的阻隔效果,该结果可为农药的减量使用提供科学依据。A series of experiments were carried out in order to test effects of nylon net shield against diamond-back moth, Plutella xylostella ,in greengrocery sunlight greenhouse.Greenhouses were designed to use full-closed nylon net,semi-closed nylon net,and insecticide treatment.Through a lot of investigation and statistical analysis,we concluded that the population of P.xylostella larvae in full-closed nylon net greenhouse(less than 0.08 larvae per greengrocery)was significantly lower than that of semi-closed(more than 0.13 larvae per greengrocery),the percentage of the damaged greengrocery in full-closed nylon net greenhouse(less than 3.11%) was significantly lower than that of semi-closed(more than 8.89%),the yield of greengrocery in semi-closed nylon net greenhouse(less than 8 599.95 kg/hm^2)was significantly lower than that of the other two treatments(more than 16 225.05 kg/hm^2), there was no significant difference in the yield of greengrocery between full-closed nylon net greenhouse and insecticide-treated one,and the amount of insecticide formulation reached more than 3 000 g/hm^2 for each harvest.In conclusion,full-closed nylon net greenhouse can effectively obstruct P.xylostella ,which provides scientific basis for reducing the use of insecticide.

关 键 词：小菜蛾 防虫网 发生 防治 农药减量 

分 类 号：S436.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]