老年患者心脏术后肺部感染原因分析及干预对策  

Cause Analysis of Pulmonary Infection in the Elderly after Cardiac Surgery and the Intervention Counter-measures

作　　者：杨小红[1] 刘娜[1] 刘晓云[1] Yang Xiaohong;Liu Na;Liu Xiaoyun(ICU of Cardiovascular Surgery Department,the First Affiliated Hospital to Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi Province,710061,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院心血管外科ICU,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《老年医学与保健》2019年第2期165-168,182,共5页Geriatrics & Health Care

摘　　要：目的探讨老年患者心脏术后肺部感染原因和干预对策,为预防术后肺部感染提供参考。方法选取行心脏手术的老年心脏疾病患者434例,根据患者术后是否发生肺部感染分为肺部感染组(n=31)和未感染组(n=403),评估并分析2组的临床资料和肺部感染组肺部感染的危险因素。结果肺部感染组肺部感染率为7.14%(31/434)。2组在性别、年龄、体质量、饮酒史、血压、血糖、血脂、心功能分级和手术方式上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而在吸烟史、精神状态、肺功能、服用抗生素情况和术后下床时间上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年患者心脏手术入后发生肺部感染的因素较多,与吸烟、抑郁、肺功能差和长期卧床等均相关,临床上可给予相应的个性化护理措施,可降低患者肺部感染的发生率。Objective To discuss the causes of pulmonary infection in the elderly after cardiac surgery and the intervention countermeasures.Methods 434 elderly after cardiac surgery were selected and divided,according to the post-operative occurrence of pulmonary infection,into 2 groups:infection group(n=31)and non-infection group(n=403);evaluation and analysis were made to the clinical data of the cases in the 2 groups and the risk factors of pulmonary infection in infection group was studied.Results The pulmonary infection rate in infection group was 7.14%(31/434);there existed no statistical differences in gender,age,body weight,drinking history,blood pressure,bloodglucose,lipid,cardiac function grading and surgical procedures between the 2 groups(P>0.05)while there were statistical differences in smoking history,mental status,pulmonary function,in-take of antibiotics and post-operative off-bed time between the 2 groups(P<0.05).Conclusions Various factors may cause the occurrence of post-operative pulmonary infection in the elderly after cardiac surgery,such as smoking,depression,poor pulmonary function and long-term bedridden;appropriate specific nursing measures in clinic may reduce the occurrence of pulmonary infection in the elderly.

关 键 词：老年 心脏手术 肺部 感染 护理 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]