太湖水库弯曲溢洪道水流特征及优化措施研究  

The flow characteristics and optimization measures of curved spillway in Taihu Reservoir

作　　者：王志超[1] 许新发[1] 邬年华[1] 黄志文[1] WANG Zhichao;XU Xinfa;WU Nianhua;HUANG Zhiwen(Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Water Sciences,Nanchang 330029,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省水利科学研究院,江西南昌330029

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2019年第3期110-116,共7页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划水资源高效开发利用重点专项课题(2017YFC0405306);江西省水利厅科技项目(201820YBKT11)

摘　　要：为了研究太湖水库弯曲溢洪道内的水流特征,并提出针对性的优化措施,采用数值模拟和物理模型试验相结合的方法,模拟试验了溢洪道的典型下泄方案,从保证水流平稳、横断面流速分布均匀、消减冲击波的角度出发,研究分析了泄槽水流特征优化的措施。结果表明:特征水流边界条件下,原设计方案泄槽内由于弯道的环流特性,水流在弯道内会产生横向冲击波;弯道右侧最大水深为6.23 m,最大水面差为5.91 m,水面差均值为3.05 m;弯道及下游直线段受冲击波的影响流速横向梯度较大。采用优化方案后,相同水流边界条件下泄槽内横向水面差减小,流速分布更加均匀,动水压强的集中情况有所改善。最大水面差下降至2.27 m,泄槽内水面差均值下降至1.31 m;各测量断面流速变异系数最大值由设计方案的58.98%降至3.94%;弯道测量断面最大压强下降48.79%。研究成果可从水力学角度为相关或相似工程的设计和实施提供参考建议。In order to study the flow characteristics in the curved spillway of Taihu Reservoir and propose the optimization measures, the physical and numerical models of the spillway are established. The typical discharge scheme of the spillway is simulated and then the measures to optimize the flow characteristics are studied to smoothing water flow, uniform cross-sectional velocity distribution and reducing shock wave. The result shows that, under the typical flow boundary condition, due to the circulation characteristics, a lateral shock wave would be produced and result in the large lateral water surface elevation difference and the large lateral flow velocity gradient in the curved section of the spillway. After the optimization scheme, the maximum and average value of water surface elevation difference are decreased from 5.91 m and 3.05 m to 2.27 m and 1.31 m, and the maximum value of velocity variation coefficient are decreased from 58.98% to 3.94%. The maximum pressure of measurement sections decreased by 48.79%. Under the same flow boundary condition, the lateral water surface difference of the spillway is reduced, the flow velocity distribution is more uniform, and the problem of the dynamic water pressure concentration is improved. The research results can provide reference for the design and implementation of related or similar projects from the hydrodynamics perspective.

关 键 词：弯曲溢洪道 陡坡 导流墙 冲击波 RNGk-ε湍流模型 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]