城市植被调查的取样面积推算与遗漏植物曲线  

The estimation of sampling area and the missing plants curves in urban vegetation survey

作　　者：陈静[1] 刘时彦 宋晨晨 赵娟娟[1] CHEN Jing;LIU Shiyan;SONG Chenchen;ZHAO Juanjuan(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《生态科学》2019年第2期25-30,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41671515;41301612);西南大学博士基金引进人才计划项目(SWU115090);中央高校基本科研业务费(XDJK2018C091)

摘　　要：种—面积关系常用于确定自然植被调查的取样面积,但其在城市植被中的应用依然少见报道。基于重庆市3个行政区共54个样地,采用巢式样方法和随机样方法同时调查样地所有植物,揭示城市植物种—面积关系,分析城市植物调查的取样面积推算方法,并通过遗漏曲线揭示两种调查方法遗漏植物的规律。研究结果表明:巢式样方法下,种—面积曲线符合Logistic函数和Allometrica1函数的变化规律(R^2>0.90),相关公式可用于推算最小取样面积,且取样精度越高则所需最小取样面积增加量越大。公园及居住区绿地,调查到植物种数的比例从60%逐渐增加到90%时,所需最小取样面积的平均值从17.7 m^2逐渐增加到162.0 m^2。在巢式样方法下,取样面积从100 m^2增加到625 m^2,公园和居住区绿地中遗漏的植物(未被调查到的植物),种数比例分别从15.17%和13.98%降低至1.42%和0.42%。目前城市植物调查中常用的100 m^2样方面积下,公园和居住区中遗漏的物种中,分别有78.1%和81.8%为频率3.7%的低频物种。公园和居住区绿地中,遗漏植物的频率—种数关系均符合Hyperb1函数曲线(R^2>0.95)。草本植物调查中常用的随机样方法(3个1m×1m样方),遗漏草本植物的种数平均为公园草本植物的41.44%、居住区草本植物的49.58%,其中A级频率物种分别占公园及居住区的93.48%和93.22%。随机样方法下,公园和居住区绿地遗漏草本植物的频率—种数关系符合Logistic函数曲线(R^2>0.94)。研究结果和方法可为城市植物多样性调查取样方法的确定和评价提供一定的理论参考。Although the species-area relationship is a basic method to study plot area of nature vegetation community,its application and adaptability in urban vegetation community is rarely reported.In this research,to study the species-area relationship and analyze the method of calculating the sampling area of urban vegetation,54 samples in three regions of Chongqing were sampled by the nested plot method and the random plot method.What's more,the law of missing plants in the two survey methods was revealed by the missing curve.As revealed,by nested plots,the species-area curves fitted Logistic function and Allometrica1 function,with fit degree values R 2 above 0.90,the correlation formula could be used to calculate the minimum sampling area,and the higher the sampling accuracy was,the greater increase in the minimum sampling area required.For plants in Park Green Space and Residential Green Space,when the proportion of plant species surveyed was gradually increased from 60%to 90%,the average minimum sampling area requirement gradually increased from 17.7 m^2 to 162.0 m^2.In samples with area of 100 m^2 to 625 m^2,the percentage of unrecorded species in Park and Residential Green Space decreased from 15.17%and 13.98%to 1.42%and 0.42%,respectively.By the commonly adoptedsampling area of 100 m^2 in urban vegetation surveys,75.8%omitted species from Park Green Space and 81.8%omitted species from Residential Green Space had frequency of only 3.7%.Curves of omitted species number for different levels of frequency fitted Hyperb1 function,with R 2 above 0.95.As to another commonly adopted sampling method in herb investigation,by three 1 m×1 m herb plots,41.44%in Park Green Space and 49.58%in Residential Green Space were omitted,with level-A frequency species respectively accounted for 93.48%and 93.22%of the omitted species.For random samples method,the frequency distribution curves of omitted species fitted Logistic function,with R 2 above 0.94.Results and methods in this research would provide some theoretical reference for t

关 键 词：城市植物 种-面积曲线 最小取样面积 频率-种数分布 

分 类 号：Q948.13[生物学—植物学]